学习资料：www.fishc.com
我的第一个程序：
print('-------MissZhou的第一个游戏-------------')
temp=input('猜猜她心里想的是那个数字')
guess=int(temp)
if guess==8:
print("你怎么猜到了")
print("猜到了也没用")
else:
print("猜错啦 想的是8")
print("游戏结束，不玩啦")程序运行没啥好说的，有点编程底子就能猜出来结果==
在pycharm中就像phpstorm一样使用，（本来也都是jetbrains公司造的）建立新工程，建立新文件 run运行，像idea一样在下面运行框中输入值
在idle中（这里多说一嘴，python这货貌似和linux走的比跟windows近，你看在windows下需要自己下载安装，linux里面是内置的，然后idle中，叫shell!!但是不能用上键使用上一条指令orz），新建文件，输入我的程序，run即可
再说python的内置函数(BIF)参考，使用函数dir(__builtins__)，返回：
['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError', 'BaseException', 'BlockingIOError', 'BrokenPipeError', 'BufferError', 'BytesWarning', 'ChildProcessError', 'ConnectionAbortedError', 'ConnectionError', 'ConnectionRefusedError', 'ConnectionResetError', 'DeprecationWarning', 'EOFError', 'Ellipsis', 'EnvironmentError', 'Exception', 'False', 'FileExistsError', 'FileNotFoundError', 'FloatingPointError', 'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit', 'IOError', 'ImportError', 'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError', 'IndexError', 'InterruptedError', 'IsADirectoryError', 'KeyError', 'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError', 'MemoryError', 'NameError', 'None', 'NotADirectoryError', 'NotImplemented', 'NotImplementedError', 'OSError', 'OverflowError', 'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'PermissionError', 'ProcessLookupError', 'RecursionError', 'ReferenceError', 'ResourceWarning', 'RuntimeError', 'RuntimeWarning', 'StopAsyncIteration', 'StopIteration', 'SyntaxError', 'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError', 'SystemExit', 'TabError', 'TimeoutError', 'True', 'TypeError', 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError', 'UnicodeEncodeError', 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError', 'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning', 'ValueError', 'Warning', 'WindowsError', 'ZeroDivisionError', '__build_class__', '__debug__', '__doc__', '__import__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', 'abs', 'all', 'any', 'ascii', 'bin', 'bool', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'callable', 'chr', 'classmethod', 'compile', 'complex', 'copyright', 'credits', 'delattr', 'dict', 'dir', 'divmod', 'enumerate', 'eval', 'exec', 'exit', 'filter', 'float', 'format', 'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr', 'hash', 'help', 'hex', 'id', 'input', 'int', 'isinstance', 'issubclass', 'iter', 'len', 'license', 'list', 'locals', 'map', 'max', 'memoryview', 'min', 'next', 'object', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'print', 'property', 'quit', 'range', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'set', 'setattr', 'slice', 'sorted', 'staticmethod', 'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type', 'vars', 'zip']像不像php!!
具体函数的使用呢？Help（函数名）
比方说：
help(input)
Help on built-in function input in module builtins:
input(prompt=None, /)
Read a string from standard input. The trailing newline is stripped.
The prompt string, if given, is printed to standard output without a
trailing newline before reading input.
If the user hits EOF (*nix: Ctrl-D, Windows: Ctrl-Z+Return), raise EOFError.
On *nix systems, readline is used if available.
help(int)
Help on class int in module builtins:
class int(object)
| int(x=0) -> integer
| int(x, base=10) -> integer
|
| Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
| are given. If x is a number, return x.__int__(). For floating point
| numbers, this truncates towards zero.
|
| If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
| bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
| given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
| by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
| Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
| >>> int('0b100', base=0)
| 4
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __abs__(self, /)
| abs(self)
|
| __add__(self, value, /)
| Return self+value.
|
| __and__(self, value, /)
| Return self&value.
|
| __bool__(self, /)
| self != 0
|
| __ceil__(...)
| Ceiling of an Integral returns itself.
|
| __divmod__(self, value, /)
| Return divmod(self, value).
|
| __eq__(self, value, /)
| Return self==value.
|
| __float__(self, /)
| float(self)
|
| __floor__(...)
| Flooring an Integral returns itself.
|
| __floordiv__(self, value, /)
| Return self//value.
|
| __format__(...)
| default object formatter
|
| __ge__(self, value, /)
| Return self>=value.
|
| __getattribute__(self, name, /)
| Return getattr(self, name).
|
| __getnewargs__(...)
|
| __gt__(self, value, /)
| Return self>value.
|
| __hash__(self, /)
| Return hash(self).
|
| __index__(self, /)
| Return self converted to an integer, if self is suitable for use as an index into a list.
|
| __int__(self, /)
| int(self)
|
| __invert__(self, /)
| ~self
|
| __le__(self, value, /)
| Return self<=value.
|
| __lshift__(self, value, /)
| Return self<<value.
|
| __lt__(self, value, /)
| Return self<value.
|
| __mod__(self, value, /)
| Return self%value.
|
| __mul__(self, value, /)
| Return self*value.
|
| __ne__(self, value, /)
| Return self!=value.
|
| __neg__(self, /)
| -self
|
| __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
| Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature.
|
| __or__(self, value, /)
| Return self|value.
|
| __pos__(self, /)
| +self
|
| __pow__(self, value, mod=None, /)
| Return pow(self, value, mod).
|
| __radd__(self, value, /)
| Return value+self.
|
| __rand__(self, value, /)
| Return value&self.
|
| __rdivmod__(self, value, /)
| Return divmod(value, self).
|
| __repr__(self, /)
| Return repr(self).
|
| __rfloordiv__(self, value, /)
| Return value//self.
|
| __rlshift__(self, value, /)
| Return value<<self.
|
| __rmod__(self, value, /)
| Return value%self.
|
| __rmul__(self, value, /)
| Return value*self.
|
| __ror__(self, value, /)
| Return value|self.
|
| __round__(...)
| Rounding an Integral returns itself.
| Rounding with an ndigits argument also returns an integer.
|
| __rpow__(self, value, mod=None, /)
| Return pow(value, self, mod).
|
| __rrshift__(self, value, /)
| Return value>>self.
|
| __rshift__(self, value, /)
| Return self>>value.
|
| __rsub__(self, value, /)
| Return value-self.
|
| __rtruediv__(self, value, /)
| Return value/self.
|
| __rxor__(self, value, /)
| Return value^self.
|
| __sizeof__(...)
| Returns size in memory, in bytes
|
| __str__(self, /)
| Return str(self).
|
| __sub__(self, value, /)
| Return self-value.
|
| __truediv__(self, value, /)
| Return self/value.
|
| __trunc__(...)
| Truncating an Integral returns itself.
|
| __xor__(self, value, /)
| Return self^value.
|
| bit_length(...)
| int.bit_length() -> int
|
| Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
| >>> bin(37)
| '0b100101'
| >>> (37).bit_length()
| 6
|
| conjugate(...)
| Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int.
|
| from_bytes(...) from builtins.type
| int.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> int
|
| Return the integer represented by the given array of bytes.
|
| The bytes argument must be a bytes-like object (e.g. bytes or bytearray).
|
| The byteorder argument determines the byte order used to represent the
| integer. If byteorder is 'big', the most significant byte is at the
| beginning of the byte array. If byteorder is 'little', the most
| significant byte is at the end of the byte array. To request the native
| byte order of the host system, use `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.
|
| The signed keyword-only argument indicates whether two's complement is
| used to represent the integer.
|
| to_bytes(...)
| int.to_bytes(length, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> bytes
|
| Return an array of bytes representing an integer.
|
| The integer is represented using length bytes. An OverflowError is
| raised if the integer is not representable with the given number of
| bytes.
|
| The byteorder argument determines the byte order used to represent the
| integer. If byteorder is 'big', the most significant byte is at the
| beginning of the byte array. If byteorder is 'little', the most
| significant byte is at the end of the byte array. To request the native
| byte order of the host system, use `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.
|
| The signed keyword-only argument determines whether two's complement is
| used to represent the integer. If signed is False and a negative integer
| is given, an OverflowError is raised.
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data descriptors defined here:
|
| denominator
| the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms
|
| imag
| the imaginary part of a complex number
|
| numerator
| the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms
|
| real
| the real part of a complex number变量：
使用前需要赋值；变量名包括字母数字下划线，不能以数字开头；区分大小写
字符串：
狭义的认为是引号内的一切东西。可以是单引号、双引号，但是不可以‘XXXXXXX”
打印let’s go
>>> print('let\'s go')
let's go
>>> print("let's go")
let's go试试这个例子：
>>> str='c:\now'
>>> str
'c:\now'
>>> print(str)
c:
Ow可以这样
>>> str='c:\\now'
>>> str
'c:\\now'
>>> print(str)
c:\now要是需要特别多的反义呢？
原子字符串duangduangduang~~~
使用方法：
>>> str=r'C:\now\misszhou'
>>> str
'C:\\now\\misszhou'
>>> print(str)
C:\now\misszhou注意原子字符串的结尾不可以有\
长字符串：跨行的那种，需要三重引号字符串
str="""Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
| >>> bin(37)
| '0b100101'
| >>> (37).bit_length()
| 6"""
>>> str
"Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.\n | >>> bin(37)\n | '0b100101'\n | >>> (37).bit_length()\n | 6"
>>> print(str)
Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
| >>> bin(37)
| '0b100101'
| >>> (37).bit_length()
| 6比较
<= < > >= == !=都一样的呢
>>> 1>3
False
>>> 1<2
True没有=== （？？？忘了）
>>> 1.0==1
True
>>> 1.0===1
SyntaxError: invalid syntax条件
if....: （真）
else:
有隐式转化
>>> if (1):
print("1")
else:
print("2")
1random模块改良游戏：
import random
secret=random.randint(1,10)
print('-------MissZhou的第一个游戏改良版-------------')
temp=input('猜猜她心里想的是那个数字')
guess=int(temp)
while guess!=secret:
temp=input("猜错了，重新输入")
guess=int(temp)
if guess==secret:
print("你怎么猜到了")
print("猜到了也没用")
else:
if guess>secret:
print("猜大啦")
else:
print("猜小啦")
print("游戏结束，不玩啦")
猜猜她心里想的是那个数字9
猜错了，重新输入8（这里也没提供错误提示啊）
猜大啦
猜错了，重新输入3
猜小啦
猜错了，重新输入4
你怎么猜到了
猜到了也没用
游戏结束，不玩啦如果第一次就猜到了根本也没有提示啊
以上两个问题作为作业，改进程序如下
import random
secret=random.randint(1,10)
print('-------MissZhou的第一个游戏改良版-------------')
temp=input('猜猜她心里想的是那个数字')
guess=int(temp)
if(guess==secret):
print("你怎么猜到了")
print("猜到了也没用")
else:
if guess > secret:
print("猜大啦")
else:
print("猜小啦")
while guess!=secret:
temp=input("猜错了，重新输入")
guess=int(temp)
if guess==secret:
print("你怎么猜到了")
print("猜到了也没用")
else:
if guess>secret:
print("猜大啦")
else:
print("猜小啦")
print("游戏结束，不玩啦")
猜猜她心里想的是那个数字1
你怎么猜到了
猜到了也没用
游戏结束，不玩啦
猜猜她心里想的是那个数字8
猜大啦
猜错了，重新输入8
猜大啦
猜错了，重新输入7
猜大啦
猜错了，重新输入
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