import socket
import ssl
 
def https_test(url):
    proto = "http"
    host = ""
    port = 80
    up = urlparse(url)
    if (up.scheme != ""):
        proto = up.scheme
        print "proto=%s"%proto
    dest = up.netloc.split(":")
    if (len(dest) == 2):
        port = int(dest[1])
    else:
        if (proto == "http"):
            port = 80
        elif (proto == "https"):
            port = 443
    host = dest[0]
    
    if (proto == "http"):
        sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    elif (proto == "https"):    
        sock = ssl.wrap_socket(socket.socket()) 
 
    sock.settimeout(5)
    try:
        sock.connect((host, port)) 
    except Exception as e:
        print ("error %s"%e)
        return None
    
    sock.send("GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\n" %(up.path, host))
    
    response = sock.recv(1024)
    print response   
    sock.close()

客户端(TCP)编程:

        举个例子，当我们在浏览器中访问新浪时，我们自己的计算机就是客户端，浏览器会主动向新浪的服务器发起连接。如果一切顺利，新浪的服务器接受了我们的连接，一个TCP连接就建立起来的，后面的通信就是发送网页内容了。

（1）我们要创建一个基于TCP连接的Socket，可以这样做（假设要访问的是https网页）：

import socket
import ssl

s = ssl.wrap_socket(socket.socket())

s.connect(('www.sina.com.cn', 443))

s.send(b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.sina.com.cn\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n')

buffer = []

while True:
    d = s.recv(1024)
    if d:
        buffer.append(d)
    else:
        break

data = b''.join(buffer)

s.close()

header, html = data.split(b'\r\n\r\n',  1)
print(header.decode('utf-8'))

with open('sina.html', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(html)

（2）我们要创建一个基于TCP连接的Socket，可以这样做（假设要访问的是http网页）：

import socket

# 创建一个socket:
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# 建立连接:
s.connect(('www.sina.com.cn', 80))

# 发送数据:
s.send(b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.sina.com.cn\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n')

# 接收数据:
buffer = []
while True:
    # 每次最多接收1k字节:
    d = s.recv(1024)
    if d:
        buffer.append(d)
    else:
        break

data = b''.join(buffer)

# 关闭连接:
s.close()

header, html = data.split(b'\r\n\r\n', 1)
print(header.decode('utf-8'))

# 把接收的数据写入文件:
with open('sina.html', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(html)