* 多表查询练习

                -- 部门表
                CREATE TABLE dept (
                  id INT PRIMARY KEY PRIMARY KEY, -- 部门id
                  dname VARCHAR(50), -- 部门名称
                  loc VARCHAR(50) -- 部门所在地
                );
                
                -- 添加4个部门
                INSERT INTO dept(id,dname,loc) VALUES 
                (10,'教研部','北京'),
                (20,'学工部','上海'),
                (30,'销售部','广州'),
                (40,'财务部','深圳');
                
                
                
                -- 职务表,职务名称,职务描述
                CREATE TABLE job (
                  id INT PRIMARY KEY,
                  jname VARCHAR(20),
                  description VARCHAR(50)
                );
                
                -- 添加4个职务
                INSERT INTO job (id, jname, description) VALUES
                (1, '董事长', '管理整个公司,接单'),
                (2, '经理', '管理部门员工'),
                (3, '销售员', '向客人推销产品'),
                (4, '文员', '使用办公软件');
                
                
                
                -- 员工表
                CREATE TABLE emp (
                  id INT PRIMARY KEY, -- 员工id
                  ename VARCHAR(50), -- 员工姓名
                  job_id INT, -- 职务id
                  mgr INT , -- 上级领导
                  joindate DATE, -- 入职日期
                  salary DECIMAL(7,2), -- 工资
                  bonus DECIMAL(7,2), -- 奖金
                  dept_id INT, -- 所在部门编号
                  CONSTRAINT emp_jobid_ref_job_id_fk FOREIGN KEY (job_id) REFERENCES job (id),
                  CONSTRAINT emp_deptid_ref_dept_id_fk FOREIGN KEY (dept_id) REFERENCES dept (id)
                );
                
                -- 添加员工
                INSERT INTO emp(id,ename,job_id,mgr,joindate,salary,bonus,dept_id) VALUES 
                (1001,'孙悟空',4,1004,'2000-12-17','8000.00',NULL,20),
                (1002,'卢俊义',3,1006,'2001-02-20','16000.00','3000.00',30),
                (1003,'林冲',3,1006,'2001-02-22','12500.00','5000.00',30),
                (1004,'唐僧',2,1009,'2001-04-02','29750.00',NULL,20),
                (1005,'李逵',4,1006,'2001-09-28','12500.00','14000.00',30),
                (1006,'宋江',2,1009,'2001-05-01','28500.00',NULL,30),
                (1007,'刘备',2,1009,'2001-09-01','24500.00',NULL,10),
                (1008,'猪八戒',4,1004,'2007-04-19','30000.00',NULL,20),
                (1009,'罗贯中',1,NULL,'2001-11-17','50000.00',NULL,10),
                (1010,'吴用',3,1006,'2001-09-08','15000.00','0.00',30),
                (1011,'沙僧',4,1004,'2007-05-23','11000.00',NULL,20),
                (1012,'李逵',4,1006,'2001-12-03','9500.00',NULL,30),
                (1013,'小白龙',4,1004,'2001-12-03','30000.00',NULL,20),
                (1014,'关羽',4,1007,'2002-01-23','13000.00',NULL,10);
                
                
                
                -- 工资等级表
                CREATE TABLE salarygrade (
                  grade INT PRIMARY KEY,   -- 级别
                  losalary INT,  -- 最低工资
                  hisalary INT -- 最高工资
                );
                
                -- 添加5个工资等级
                INSERT INTO salarygrade(grade,losalary,hisalary) VALUES 
                (1,7000,12000),
                (2,12010,14000),
                (3,14010,20000),
                (4,20010,30000),
                (5,30010,99990);
                
                -- 需求:
                
                -- 1.查询所有员工信息。查询员工编号,员工姓名,工资,职务名称,职务描述
                /*
                    分析:
                        1.员工编号,员工姓名,工资,需要查询emp表  职务名称,职务描述 需要查询job表
                        2.查询条件 emp.job_id = job.id
                
                */
                SELECT 
                    t1.`id`, -- 员工编号
                    t1.`ename`, -- 员工姓名
                    t1.`salary`,-- 工资
                    t2.`jname`, -- 职务名称
                    t2.`description` -- 职务描述
                FROM 
                    emp t1, job t2
                WHERE 
                    t1.`job_id` = t2.`id`;
                
                
                
                -- 2.查询员工编号,员工姓名,工资,职务名称,职务描述,部门名称,部门位置
                /*
                    分析:
                        1. 员工编号,员工姓名,工资 emp  职务名称,职务描述 job  部门名称,部门位置 dept
                        2. 条件: emp.job_id = job.id and emp.dept_id = dept.id
                */
                
                SELECT 
                    t1.`id`, -- 员工编号
                    t1.`ename`, -- 员工姓名
                    t1.`salary`,-- 工资
                    t2.`jname`, -- 职务名称
                    t2.`description`, -- 职务描述
                    t3.`dname`, -- 部门名称
                    t3.`loc` -- 部门位置
                FROM 
                    emp t1, job t2,dept t3
                WHERE 
                    t1.`job_id` = t2.`id` AND t1.`dept_id` = t3.`id`;
                   
                -- 3.查询员工姓名,工资,工资等级
                /*
                    分析:
                        1.员工姓名,工资 emp  工资等级 salarygrade
                        2.条件 emp.salary >= salarygrade.losalary and emp.salary <= salarygrade.hisalary
                            emp.salary BETWEEN salarygrade.losalary and salarygrade.hisalary
                */
                SELECT 
                    t1.ename ,
                    t1.`salary`,
                    t2.*
                FROM emp t1, salarygrade t2
                WHERE t1.`salary` BETWEEN t2.`losalary` AND t2.`hisalary`;
                
                
                
                -- 4.查询员工姓名,工资,职务名称,职务描述,部门名称,部门位置,工资等级
                /*
                    分析:
                        1. 员工姓名,工资 emp , 职务名称,职务描述 job 部门名称,部门位置,dept  工资等级 salarygrade
                        2. 条件: emp.job_id = job.id and emp.dept_id = dept.id and emp.salary BETWEEN salarygrade.losalary and salarygrade.hisalary
                            
                */
                SELECT 
                    t1.`ename`,
                    t1.`salary`,
                    t2.`jname`,
                    t2.`description`,
                    t3.`dname`,
                    t3.`loc`,
                    t4.`grade`
                FROM 
                    emp t1,job t2,dept t3,salarygrade t4
                WHERE 
                    t1.`job_id` = t2.`id` 
                    AND t1.`dept_id` = t3.`id`
                    AND t1.`salary` BETWEEN t4.`losalary` AND t4.`hisalary`;
                
                
                
                -- 5.查询出部门编号、部门名称、部门位置、部门人数
                
                /*
                    分析:
                        1.部门编号、部门名称、部门位置 dept 表。 部门人数 emp表
                        2.使用分组查询。按照emp.dept_id完成分组,查询count(id)
                        3.使用子查询将第2步的查询结果和dept表进行关联查询
                        
                */
                SELECT 
                    t1.`id`,t1.`dname`,t1.`loc` , t2.total
                FROM 
                    dept t1,
                    (SELECT
                        dept_id,COUNT(id) total
                    FROM 
                        emp
                    GROUP BY dept_id) t2
                WHERE t1.`id` = t2.dept_id;
                
                
                -- 6.查询所有员工的姓名及其直接上级的姓名,没有领导的员工也需要查询
                
                /*
                    分析:
                        1.姓名 emp, 直接上级的姓名 emp
                            * emp表的id 和 mgr 是自关联
                        2.条件 emp.id = emp.mgr
                        3.查询左表的所有数据,和 交集数据
                            * 使用左外连接查询
                    
                */
                /*
                select
                    t1.ename,
                    t1.mgr,
                    t2.`id`,
                    t2.ename
                from emp t1, emp t2
                where t1.mgr = t2.`id`;
                
                */
                
                SELECT 
                    t1.ename,
                    t1.mgr,
                    t2.`id`,
                    t2.`ename`
                FROM emp t1
                LEFT JOIN emp t2
                ON t1.`mgr` = t2.`id`;