遇见异常跳转到自己设置的页面，注解方式处理局部异常，监听Controller类的全局异常处理，springmvc配置统一的简单异常处理，监听所有的页面异常

源码获取github

1.项目结构

2.局部异常处理

ExceptionDemoController.java

package com.hs.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/** * 经典异常处理_注解方式 */
@Controller
public class ExceptionDemoController {

   @GetMapping("/ex01")
   public String test01() {
      int i = 10 / 0; //会报这个错误Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
      return "jsp/result";
   }

   /** * 注解方式，处理异常，程序遇见这个异常，就会执行注解里的内容， *作用范围只有本类有效！！！ * @return */
   //里面可以写多个异常，用,隔开，，，其实也可以总的写一个异常Exception,class
   @ExceptionHandler(value = {ArithmeticException.class})
   public ModelAndView exception01(ArithmeticException ex) {
      ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();

      mav.addObject("ex", ex);

      mav.setViewName("jsp/error");
      return mav;
   }
}

error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>${requestScope.message}</h2>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" id="debug">[DEBUG]</a>
<p id="error" style="display: none">
   ${requestScope.ex}
</p>
<script> window.onload = function () { document.getElementById("debug").onclick = function () { document.getElementById("error").style.display = "block"; } } </script>
</body>
</html>

3.@ControllerAdvice监听所有Controller类的异常

ExceptionAllController.java

package com.hs.web;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/** * ControllerAdvice这个表示监听只要有Controller的类的异常，同样如果自身类有注解监听，满足谁近就运行谁的原则 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionAllController {

   /** * 监听Controller类的异常方式一 * * @param ex * @return */
   @ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class})
   public ModelAndView exception01(Exception ex) {
      ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();

      mav.addObject("ex", ex);

      mav.setViewName("jsp/error02");
      return mav;
   }
}

ExceptionDemoController.java把上面那个局部处理异常注释就行，

error02.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
本页是全局的异常监听跳转页面，本次监听到的异常是
${requestScope.ex}

</body>
</html>

4.springmvc.xml配置简单处理异常

springmvc.xml加入

<!--6.统一的简单异常处理，监听所有的页面异常-->
<bean id="simpleMappingExceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
   <!--出现异常，默认跳转的页面-->
   <property name="defaultErrorView" value="jsp/error"/>
   <!--类似于这个mav.addObject("ex", ex);-->
   <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"/>
   <!--异常映射，若出现下列异常，就跳转相应的页面，不跳默认的-->
   <property name="exceptionMappings">
      <props>
         <prop key="ArithmeticException">jsp/error</prop>
         <prop key="ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException">jsp/error</prop>
         <prop key="RuntimeException">jsp/error</prop>
         <prop key="Exception">jsp/error</prop>
      </props>
   </property>
</bean>

5.自定义处理异常

ExceptionAllController.java

/** * 监听Controller类的异常方式二自定义异常 * @param ex * @param model * @return */
   @ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class})
   public String exception02(Exception ex, Model model) {
      //判断类的类型
      if (ex instanceof ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException) {
         model.addAttribute("message", "数组越界异常");//给客户看的
         model.addAttribute("ex", ex);
// return "jsp/error";
      }

      if (ex instanceof ArithmeticException) {
         model.addAttribute("message", "运算异常");    //给客户看的
         model.addAttribute("ex", ex);
// return "jsp/error";
      }

      //处理自定义异常
      return "jsp/error";
   }

   /** * 监听Controller类的异常方式二自定义异常____返回json格式 * @param ex * @return */
   @ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class})
   @ResponseBody
   public Map<String,Object> exception03(Exception ex) {
      Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
      //判断类的类型
      if (ex instanceof ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException) {
         map.put("message", "数组越界异常");//给客户看的
         map.put("ex", ex);
// return "jsp/error";
      }

      if (ex instanceof ArithmeticException) {
         map.put("message", "运算异常");    //给客户看的
         map.put("ex", ex);
// return "jsp/error";
      }

      //处理自定义异常
      return map;
   }

result.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
没有遇见注解里的异常，成功跳转
</body>
</html>