一、ActiveMQ
1.1 ActiveMQ
ActiveMQ是Apache所提供的一个开源的消息系统,完全采用Java来实现,因此,它能很好地支持J2EE提出的JMS(Java Message Service,即Java消息服务)规范。JMS是一组Java应用程序接口,它提供消息的创建、发送、读取等一系列服务。JMS提供了一组公共应用程序接口和响应的语法,类似于Java数据库的统一访问接口JDBC,它是一种与厂商无关的API,使得Java程序能够与不同厂商的消息组件很好地进行通信。
1.2 Java Message Service(JMS)
JMS支持两种消息发送和接收模型。
-
一种称为P2P(Ponit to Point)模型(点对点一对一),即采用点对点的方式发送消息。P2P模型是基于队列的,消息生产者发送消息到队列,消息消费者从队列中接收消息,队列的存在使得消息的异步传输称为可能,P2P模型在点对点的情况下进行消息传递时采用。
-
另一种称为Pub/Sub(Publish/Subscribe,即发布-订阅)模型,发布-订阅模型定义了如何向一个内容节点发布和订阅消息,这个内容节点称为topic(主题)。主题可以认为是消息传递的中介,消息发布这将消息发布到某个主题,而消息订阅者则从主题订阅消息。主题使得消息的订阅者与消息的发布者互相保持独立,不需要进行接触即可保证消息的传递,发布-订阅模型在消息的一对多广播时采用。
1.3 JMS术语
-
Provider/MessageProvider:生产者
-
Consumer/MessageConsumer:消费者
-
PTP:Point To Point,点对点通信消息模型
-
Pub/Sub:Publish/Subscribe,发布订阅消息模型
-
Queue:队列,目标类型之一,和PTP结合
-
Topic:主题,目标类型之一,和Pub/Sub结合
-
ConnectionFactory:连接工厂,JMS用它创建连接
-
Connnection:JMS Client到JMS Provider的连接
-
Destination:消息目的地,由Session创建
-
Session:会话,由Connection创建,实质上就是发送、接受消息的一个线程,因此生产者、消费者都是 Session创建的
1.4 ActiveMQ应用场景
类似送快递,快递员(producer)将快递(Message)放到指定地点(destination)后,就可以离开了,拿快递的人(customer)在接收到通知后,到指定地点(destination)去取快递(Message)就可以了。当然,取快递时可能要进行身份验证,这就涉及到创建连接(connection)时,需要指定用户名和密码了。还有就是,实际生活中,当快递员把快递放好之后,照理说应该通知客户去哪里取快递,而ActiveMq帮我们做好了一切,通知的工作Activemq会帮我们实现,而无需我们亲自编码通知消费者,生产者只需要将Message放到Mq中即可,通知消费者的工作,mq会帮我们处理
用途就是用来处理消息,也就是处理JMS在大型电子商务类网站,如京东、淘宝、去哪儿等网站有着深入的应用,队列的主要作用是消除高并发访问高峰,加快网站的响应速度。
在不使用消息队列的情况下,用户的请求数据直接写入数据库,高发的情况下,会对数据库造成巨大的压力,同时也使得系统响应延迟加剧,但使用队列后,用户的请求发给队列后立即返回。
1.5 ActiveMQ下载
1.6 启动
/apache-activemq-5.15.3/bin/win64/目录下双击activemq.bat文件,在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8161/admin/, 用户名和密码输入admin即可
二、Srping+ActiveMQ应用实例
2.1 项目结构
2.2 导入maven依赖,pom.xml文件
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
5
6 <groupId>www.cnblogs.com.hongmoshu</groupId>
7 <artifactId>test_actmq</artifactId>
8 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
9 <packaging>war</packaging>
10 <name>test_actmq Maven Webapp</name>
11 <url>http://www.example.com</url>
12
13 <!-- 版本管理 -->
14 <properties>
15 <springframework>4.1.8.RELEASE</springframework>
16 </properties>
17
18
19 <dependencies>
20
21 <!-- junit单元测试 -->
22 <dependency>
23 <groupId>junit</groupId>
24 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
25 <version>4.11</version>
26 <scope>test</scope>
27 </dependency>
28
29 <!-- JSP相关 -->
30 <dependency>
31 <groupId>jstl</groupId>
32 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
33 <version>1.2</version>
34 </dependency>
35 <dependency>
36 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
37 <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
38 <scope>provided</scope>
39 <version>2.5</version>
40 </dependency>
41
42 <!-- spring -->
43 <dependency>
44 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
45 <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
46 <version>${springframework}</version>
47 </dependency>
48 <dependency>
49 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
50 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
51 <version>${springframework}</version>
52 </dependency>
53 <dependency>
54 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
55 <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
56 <version>${springframework}</version>
57 </dependency>
58 <dependency>
59 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
60 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
61 <version>${springframework}</version>
62 </dependency>
63 <dependency>
64 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
65 <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
66 <version>${springframework}</version>
67 </dependency>
68
69 <!-- xbean 如<amq:connectionFactory /> -->
70 <dependency>
71 <groupId>org.apache.xbean</groupId>
72 <artifactId>xbean-spring</artifactId>
73 <version>3.16</version>
74 </dependency>
75
76 <!-- activemq -->
77 <dependency>
78 <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
79 <artifactId>activemq-core</artifactId>
80 <version>5.7.0</version>
81 </dependency>
82 <dependency>
83 <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
84 <artifactId>activemq-pool</artifactId>
85 <version>5.12.1</version>
86 </dependency>
87
88 <!-- gson -->
89 <dependency>
90 <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
91 <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
92 <version>1.7.1</version>
93 </dependency>
94
95 <!-- JSON -->
96 <dependency>
97 <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
98 <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
99 <version>2.4</version>
100 <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
101 </dependency>
102
103 </dependencies>
104
105 <build>
106 <finalName>test_actmq</finalName>
107
108 </build>
109 </project>
2.3 ActiveMQ的配置文件ActiveMQ.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4 xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
5 xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
6 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
7 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
8 xsi:schemaLocation="
9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
10 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
11 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
12 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
13 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
14 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
15 http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms
16 http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-4.1.xsd
17 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core
18 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.12.1.xsd"
19 >
20
21 <context:component-scan base-package="com.svse.service" />
22 <mvc:annotation-driven />
23
24 <!-- jms.useAsyncSend=true 允许异步接收消息 -->
25 <amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory"
26 brokerURL="tcp://192.168.6.111:61616?jms.useAsyncSend=true"
27 userName="admin"
28 password="admin" />
29
30 <!-- 配置JMS连接工 厂 -->
31 <bean id="connectionFactory"
32 class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
33 <constructor-arg ref="amqConnectionFactory" />
34 <property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
35 </bean>
36
37 <!-- 定义消息队列名称(Queue) -->
38 <bean id="demoQueueDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
39 <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 -->
40 <constructor-arg>
41 <value>Jaycekon</value>
42 </constructor-arg>
43 </bean>
44
45 <!-- 配置JMS模板(Queue),Spring提供的JMS工具类,它发送、接收消息。 -->
46 <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
47 <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
48 <property name="defaultDestination" ref="demoQueueDestination" />
49 <property name="receiveTimeout" value="10000" />
50 <!-- true是topic,false是queue,默认是false,此处显示写出false -->
51 <property name="pubSubDomain" value="false" />
52 <!-- 消息转换器 -->
53 <property name="messageConverter" ref="userMessageConverter"/>
54 </bean>
55
56 <!-- 类型转换器 -->
57 <bean id="userMessageConverter" class="com.svse.util.ObjectMessageConverter"/>
58
59
60 <!-- 配置消息队列监听者(Queue) -->
61 <bean id="queueMessageListener" class="com.svse.util.QueueMessageListener" />
62
63 <!-- 显示注入消息监听容器(Queue),配置连接工厂,监听的目标是demoQueueDestination,***是上面定义的*** -->
64 <bean id="queueListenerContainer"
65 class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
66 <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
67 <property name="destination" ref="demoQueueDestination" />
68 <property name="messageListener" ref="queueMessageListener" />
69 </bean>
70
71 </beans>
2.4 Spring的配置文件 spring-mvc.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
6 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
10 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
11 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
12
13 <context:component-scan base-package="com.svse.controller" />
14 <mvc:annotation-driven />
15 <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
16 <property name="viewClass"
17 value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
18 <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
19 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
20 </bean>
21
22 </beans>
2.5 web.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3 xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
5 id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
6 <display-name>mydemo</display-name>
7
8 <welcome-file-list>
9 <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
10 </welcome-file-list>
11
12 <!-- 加载spring及active的配置文件,classpath为项目src下的路径 -->
13 <context-param>
14 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
15 <param-value>
16 classpath:spring-mvc.xml;
17 classpath:ActiveMQ.xml;
18 </param-value>
19 </context-param>
20
21
22 <listener>
23 <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
24 </listener>
25
26 <servlet>
27 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
28 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
29 <init-param>
30 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
31 <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
32 </init-param>
33 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
34 </servlet>
35 <servlet-mapping>
36 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
37 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
38 </servlet-mapping>
39
40 <!-- 处理编码格式 -->
41 <filter>
42 <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
43 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
44 <init-param>
45 <param-name>encoding</param-name>
46 <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
47 </init-param>
48 <init-param>
49 <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
50 <param-value>true</param-value>
51 </init-param>
52 </filter>
53 <filter-mapping>
54 <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
55 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
56 </filter-mapping>
57
58 </web-app>
2.6 实体类Users对象
1 package com.svse.entity;
2 import java.io.Serializable;
3
4 public class Users implements Serializable{
5
6 private String userId;
7 private String userName;
8 private String sex;
9 private String age;
10 private String type;
11
12
13 public Users() {
14 super();
15 }
16 public Users(String userId, String userName, String sex, String age,
17 String type) {
18 super();
19 this.userId = userId;
20 this.userName = userName;
21 this.sex = sex;
22 this.age = age;
23 this.type = type;
24 }
25 public String getUserId() {
26 return userId;
27 }
28 public void setUserId(String userId) {
29 this.userId = userId;
30 }
31 public String getUserName() {
32 return userName;
33 }
34 public void setUserName(String userName) {
35 this.userName = userName;
36 }
37 public String getSex() {
38 return sex;
39 }
40 public void setSex(String sex) {
41 this.sex = sex;
42 }
43 public String getAge() {
44 return age;
45 }
46 public void setAge(String age) {
47 this.age = age;
48 }
49 public String getType() {
50 return type;
51 }
52 public void setType(String type) {
53 this.type = type;
54 }
55 @Override
56 public String toString() {
57 return "Users [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", sex="
58 + sex + ", age=" + age + ", type=" + type + "]";
59 }
60
61
62 }
2.7 核心代码(生产者ProducerService)
1 package com.svse.service;
2
3 import javax.annotation.Resource;
4 import javax.jms.Destination;
5 import javax.jms.JMSException;
6 import javax.jms.Message;
7 import javax.jms.Session;
8
9 import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
10 import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
11 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
12
13 import com.svse.entity.Users;
14
15 @Service
16 public class ProducerService {
17
18 @Resource(name="jmsTemplate")
19 private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
20
21
22 /**
23 * 向指定队列发送消息 (发送文本消息)
24 */
25 public void sendMessage(Destination destination,final String msg){
26
27 jmsTemplate.setDeliveryPersistent(true);
28
29 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 向队列"+destination.toString()+"发送消息---------------------->"+msg);
30 jmsTemplate.send(destination, new MessageCreator() {
31 public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
32 return session.createTextMessage(msg);
33 }
34 });
35 }
36
37 /**
38 * 向指定队列发送消息以对象的方式 (发送对象消息)
39 */
40 public void sendMessageNew(Destination destination,Users user){
41 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 向队列"+destination.toString()+"发送消息---------------------->"+user);
42 jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(user);
43 }
44
45 /**
46 * 向默认队列发送消息
47 */
48 public void sendMessage(final String msg){
49 String destination = jmsTemplate.getDefaultDestinationName();
50 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 向队列"+destination+"发送消息---------------------->"+msg);
51 jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {
52 public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
53 return session.createTextMessage(msg);
54 }
55 });
56 }
57 }
2.8 核心代码(消费产者ConsumerService)
1 package com.svse.service;
2
3 import javax.annotation.Resource;
4 import javax.jms.Destination;
5 import javax.jms.JMSException;
6 import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
7 import javax.jms.TextMessage;
8
9 import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
10
11 import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
12 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
13
14 import com.svse.entity.Users;
15
16 @Service
17 public class ConsumerService {
18
19 @Resource(name="jmsTemplate")
20 private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
21 //接收文本消息
22 public TextMessage receive(Destination destination){
23 TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) jmsTemplate.receive(destination);
24 try{
25 JSONObject json=JSONObject.fromObject(textMessage.getText());
26 System.out.println("name:"+json.getString("userName"));
27 System.out.println("从队列" + destination.toString() + "收到了消息:\t"
28 + textMessage.getText());
29 } catch (JMSException e) {
30 e.printStackTrace();
31 }
32 return textMessage;
33 }
34 //接收对象消息
35 public ObjectMessage receiveNew(Destination destination){
36 ObjectMessage objMsg=(ObjectMessage) jmsTemplate.receive(destination);
38 try{
39 Users users= (Users) objMsg.getObject();
44 System.out.println("name:"+users.getUserName());
47 System.out.println("从队列" + destination.toString() + "收到了消息:\t"
48 + users);
49 } catch (JMSException e) {
50 e.printStackTrace();
51 }
52 return objMsg;
53 }
54 }
2,9). 核心代码(控制器ConsumerService)
1 package com.svse.controller.mq;
2
3 import java.io.IOException;
4 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
5 import java.util.Date;
7 import javax.annotation.Resource;
8 import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
9 import javax.jms.Destination;
10 import javax.jms.JMSException;
11 import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
12 import javax.jms.TextMessage;
13 import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;
14 import javax.management.remote.JMXConnector;
15 import javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory;
16 import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL;
18 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
19 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
20 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
21 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
22 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
24 import com.google.gson.Gson;
25 import com.svse.entity.Users;
26 import com.svse.service.ConsumerService;
27 import com.svse.service.ProducerService;
28
29 @Controller
30 public class DemoController {
35
36 //队列名Jaycekon (ActiveMQ中设置的队列的名称)
37 @Resource(name="demoQueueDestination")
38 private Destination demoQueueDestination;
39
40 //队列消息生产者
41 @Resource(name="producerService")
42 private ProducerService producer;
43
44 //队列消息消费者
45 @Resource(name="consumerService")
46 private ConsumerService consumer;
47
48 /*
49 * 准备发消息
50 */
51 @RequestMapping(value="/producer",method=RequestMethod.GET)
52 public ModelAndView producer(){
53 System.out.println("------------go producer");
54
55 Date now = new Date();
56 SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
57 String time = dateFormat.format( now );
58 System.out.println(time);
59
60 ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
61 mv.addObject("time", time);
62 mv.setViewName("producer");
63 return mv;
64 }
65
66 /*
67 * 发消息
68 */
69 @RequestMapping(value="/onsend",method=RequestMethod.POST)
70 public ModelAndView producer(@RequestParam("message") String message) {
71 System.out.println("------------send to jms");
72 ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
73 for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
74 try {
75 Users users=new Users("10"+(i+1),"赵媛媛"+(i+1),"女","27","影视演员");
76 Gson gson=new Gson();
77 String sendMessage=gson.toJson(users);
78 System.out.println("发送的消息sendMessage:"+sendMessage.toString());
79 // producer.sendMessage(demoQueueDestination,sendMessage.toString());//以文本的形式
80 producer.sendMessageNew(demoQueueDestination, users);//以对象的方式
81
82 } catch (Exception e) {
83 e.printStackTrace();
84 }
85 }
86 mv.setViewName("index");
87 return mv;
88 }
89 /*
90 * 手动接收消息
91 */
92 @RequestMapping(value="/receive",method=RequestMethod.GET)
93 public ModelAndView queue_receive() throws JMSException {
94 System.out.println("------------receive message");
95 ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
96
97 //TextMessage tm = consumer.receive(demoQueueDestination);//接收文本消息
98
99 ObjectMessage objMsg=consumer.receiveNew(demoQueueDestination);//接收对象消息
100 Users users= (Users) objMsg.getObject();
101 //mv.addObject("textMessage", tm.getText());
102 mv.addObject("textMessage", users.getUserId()+" || "+users.getUserName());
103 mv.setViewName("receive");
104 return mv;
105 }
106
107 /*
108 * ActiveMQ Manager Test
109 */
110 @RequestMapping(value="/jms",method=RequestMethod.GET)
111 public ModelAndView jmsManager() throws IOException {
112 System.out.println("------------jms manager");
113 ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
114 mv.setViewName("index");
115
116 JMXServiceURL url = new JMXServiceURL("");
117 JMXConnector connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(url);
118 connector.connect();
119 MBeanServerConnection connection = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();
120
121 return mv;
122 }
123
124 }
三、对象转换器MessageConverter和消息***MessageListener
在上边的ProducerService和ConsumerService中,不论是发送消息还是接收消息,都可以以文本TextMessage的方式和ObjectMessage的方式.如果是简单的文本消息可以以TextMessage,但是如果需要发送的内容比较多,结构比较复杂,这时候就建议用对象文本ObjectMessage的方式向队列queue中发送消息了.但是这时候就需要用到对象消息转换器MessageConverter.
3.1 消息转换器MessageageConverte
MessageConverter的作用主要有两方面,一方面它可以把我们的非标准化Message对象转换成我们的目标Message对象,这主要是用在发送消息的时候;另一方面它又可以把我们的Message对象 转换成对应的目标对象,这主要是用在接收消息的时候。
1 package com.svse.util;
2
3 import java.io.Serializable;
4
5 import javax.jms.JMSException;
6 import javax.jms.Message;
7 import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
8 import javax.jms.Session;
9
10 import org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConversionException;
11 import org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter;
12
13 /**
14 *功能说明:通用的消息对象转换类
15 *@author:zsq
16 *create date:2019年7月12日 上午9:28:31
17 *修改人 修改时间 修改描述
18 *Copyright (c)2019北京智华天成科技有限公司-版权所有
19 */
20 public class ObjectMessageConverter implements MessageConverter {
21
22
23 //把一个Java对象转换成对应的JMS Message (生产消息的时候)
24 public Message toMessage(Object object, Session session)
25 throws JMSException, MessageConversionException {
26
27 return session.createObjectMessage((Serializable) object);
28 }
29
30 //把一个JMS Message转换成对应的Java对象 (消费消息的时候)
31 public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws JMSException,
32 MessageConversionException {
33 ObjectMessage objMessage = (ObjectMessage) message;
34 return objMessage.getObject();
35 }
36
37 }
注意:写了消息转化器之后还需要的ActiveMQ.xml中进行配置
3.2 消息***MessageageListe
MessageageListe作用就是动态的自行监听消息队列的生产者发送的消息,不需要人工手动接收!
1 package com.svse.util;
2 import javax.jms.JMSException;
3 import javax.jms.Message;
4 import javax.jms.MessageListener;
5 import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
6 import javax.jms.TextMessage;
7
8 import com.svse.entity.Users;
9
10
11 public class QueueMessageListener implements MessageListener {
12
13 //添加了***,只要生产者发布了消息,***监听到有消息消费者就会自动消费(获取消息)
14 public void onMessage(Message message) {
15 //(第1种方式)没加转换器之前接收到的是文本消息
16 //TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) message;
17
18 //(第2种方式)加了转换器之后接收到的ObjectMessage对象消息
19 ObjectMessage objMsg=(ObjectMessage) message;
20 Users users;
21 try {
22 users = (Users) objMsg.getObject();
23 //System.out.println("QueueMessageListener监听到了文本消息:\t" + tm.getText());
24 System.out.println("QueueMessageListener监听到了文本消息:\t" + users);
25 //do something ...
26 } catch (JMSException e1) {
27 // TODO Auto-generated catch block
28 e1.printStackTrace();
29 }
30 }
31
32 }
同样写好***后也是需在ActiveMQ.xml中进行配置注册的
四、总结
(1)注册JmsTemplate时,pubSubDomain这个属性的值要特别注意。默认值是false,也就是说默认只是支持queue模式,不支持topic模式。但是,如果将它改为true,则不支持queue模式。因此如果项目需要同时支持queue和topic模式,那么需要注册2个JmsTemplate,同时监听容器也需要注册2个
(2)使用Queue时,生产者只要将Message发送到MQ服务器端,消费者就可以进行消费,而无需生产者程序一直运行;
(3)消息是按照先入先出的顺序,一旦有消费者将Message消费,该Message就会从MQ服务器队列中删去;
(4)有文章说,“生产者”<-->"消费者"是一对一的关系,其实并不准确,从应用中可以看出,一个生产者产生的消息,可以被多个消费者进行消费,只不过多个消费者在消费消息时是竞争的关系,先得到的先消费,一旦消费完成,该消息就会出队列, 就不能被其他消费者再消费了,即“一次性消费”。就是我们熟悉的“点对点”通信了;