springSecurity/springboot生成图片验证码4种方式，实现及比较
写在前面
这里写了三种实现，可根据实际需要，选择之一，还有这里只是生成了验证码，具体校验方式可通过session，Redis等作存储、校验，这里就不介绍太多。
一、JDK原生包中Graphics对象,(java.awt.*)，不需额外引包
1.1、封装对象 ImageCode
@Data
public class ImageCode {
private BufferedImage image;
private String code;
private LocalDateTime expireTime;
public ImageCode(BufferedImage image, String code, int expireIn) {
this.image = image;
this.code = code;
this.expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(expireIn);
}
public ImageCode(BufferedImage image, String code, LocalDateTime expireTime) {
this.image = image;
this.code = code;
this.expireTime = expireTime;
}
public boolean isExpire() {
return LocalDateTime.now().isAfter(expireTime);
}
}
1.2、生成图片验证码,构造到上文创建的对象中
@Test
public void t1() throws IOException {
ImageCode imageCode = createImageCode();
// 写到控制台乱码
// ImageIO.write(imageCode.getImage(), "jpeg", System.out);
ImageIO.write(imageCode.getImage(), "jpeg", Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/ee.jpeg").toPath()));
}
private ImageCode createImageCode() {
int width = 120; // 验证码图片宽度
int height = 45; // 验证码图片长度
int length = 4; // 验证码位数
int expireIn = 60; // 验证码有效时间 60s
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
g.setColor(getRandColor(185, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ITALIC, 35));
g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(12);
int yl = random.nextInt(12);
g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
}
StringBuilder sRand = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
String rand = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
sRand.append(rand);
g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
g.drawString(rand, 25 * i + 12, 32);
}
g.dispose();
return new ImageCode(image, sRand.toString(), expireIn);
}
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
1.3、图片验证码，如下，具体大小，参数，图纹，背景等可细调整
二、google 封装的开源包，引入相关依赖
先引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
<artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>
2.1、需要配置类
import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.Properties;
@Configuration
public class KaptchaConfig {
@Bean
public Producer KaptchaProducer() {
Properties kaptchaProperties = new Properties();
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.border", "no");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length","4");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.image.height","50");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.image.width","150");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.ShadowGimpy");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color","black");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size","40");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise");
//kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string","acdefhkmnprtwxy2345678");
Config config = new Config(kaptchaProperties);
return config.getProducerImpl();
}
}
2.1、代码生成，注入SpringBean,测试
@Autowired
private Producer captchaProducer;
@GetMapping("/captcha")
public void captcha() throws IOException {
// create the text for the image
String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
// create the image with the text
BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
ImageIO.write(bi, "jpeg", Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/google.jpeg").toPath()));
}
2.3、图片验证码，如下,也可细调
三、Hutool 开源包，引入相关依赖
先引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.1.4</version>
</dependency>
3.1、代码生成
@Test
public void t4() throws IOException {
//定义图形验证码的长、宽、验证码字符数、干扰元素个数
CircleCaptcha captcha = CaptchaUtil.createCircleCaptcha(200, 100, 4, 20);
//CircleCaptcha captcha = new CircleCaptcha(200, 100, 4, 20);
//图形验证码写出，可以写出到文件，也可以写出到流
captcha.write(Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/hutool.jpeg").toPath()));
}
3.2、图片验证码，如下，也可细调
四、其他开源包，引入相关依赖
先引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
<artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
<version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
4.1、代码生成
@Test
public void t2() throws IOException {
SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(129, 48, 4);
// 设置字体
specCaptcha.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ITALIC, 34));
// 设置类型
specCaptcha.setCharType(Captcha.TYPE_NUM_AND_UPPER);
specCaptcha.out(Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/ff.jpeg").toPath()));
}
4.2、图片验证码，如下，也可细调
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