前言
面试总是会被问到有没有用过分布式锁、redis 锁,大部分读者平时很少接触到,所以只能很无奈的回答 “没有”。本文通过 Spring Boot 整合 redisson 来实现分布式锁,并结合 demo 测试结果。
首先看下大佬总结的图
正文
添加依赖
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<!--redis-->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<!--redisson-->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
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<artifactId>redisson-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
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<version>3.10.6</version>
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</dependency>
配置信息
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spring:
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# redis
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redis:
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host: 47.103.5.190
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port: 6379
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jedis:
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pool:
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# 连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制)
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max-active: 100
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# 连接池中的最小空闲连接
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max-idle: 10
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# 连接池最大阻塞等待时间(使用负值表示没有限制)
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max-wait: -1
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# 连接超时时间(毫秒)
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timeout: 5000
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#默认是索引为0的数据库
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database: 0
配置类
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/**
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* redisson 配置,下面是单节点配置:
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*
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* @author gourd
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*/
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@Configuration
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publicclassRedissonConfig{
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@Value("${spring.redis.host}")
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privateString host;
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@Value("${spring.redis.port}")
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privateString port;
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@Value("${spring.redis.password:}")
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privateString password;
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@Bean
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publicRedissonClient redissonClient() {
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Config config = newConfig();
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//单节点
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config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://"+ host + ":"+ port);
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if(StringUtils.isEmpty(password)) {
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config.useSingleServer().setPassword(null);
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} else{
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config.useSingleServer().setPassword(password);
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}
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//添加主从配置
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// config.useMasterSlaveServers().setMasterAddress("").setPassword("").addSlaveAddress(new String[]{"",""});
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// 集群模式配置 setScanInterval()扫描间隔时间,单位是毫秒, //可以用"rediss://"来启用SSL连接
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// config.useClusterServers().setScanInterval(2000).addNodeAddress("redis://127.0.0.1:7000", "redis://127.0.0.1:7001").addNodeAddress("redis://127.0.0.1:7002");
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returnRedisson.create(config);
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}
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}
Redisson 工具类
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/**
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* redis分布式锁帮助类
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*
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* @author gourd
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*
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*/
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publicclassRedisLockUtil{
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privatestaticDistributedLocker distributedLocker = SpringContextHolder.getBean("distributedLocker",DistributedLocker.class);
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/**
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* 加锁
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* @param lockKey
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* @return
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*/
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publicstaticRLocklock(String lockKey) {
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return distributedLocker.lock(lockKey);
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}
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/**
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* 释放锁
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* @param lockKey
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*/
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publicstaticvoid unlock(String lockKey) {
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distributedLocker.unlock(lockKey);
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}
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/**
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* 释放锁
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* @param lock
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*/
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publicstaticvoid unlock(RLocklock) {
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distributedLocker.unlock(lock);
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}
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/**
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* 带超时的锁
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* @param lockKey
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* @param timeout 超时时间 单位:秒
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*/
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publicstaticRLocklock(String lockKey, int timeout) {
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return distributedLocker.lock(lockKey, timeout);
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}
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/**
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* 带超时的锁
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* @param lockKey
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* @param unit 时间单位
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* @param timeout 超时时间
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*/
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publicstaticRLocklock(String lockKey, int timeout,TimeUnit unit ) {
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return distributedLocker.lock(lockKey, unit, timeout);
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}
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/**
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* 尝试获取锁
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* @param lockKey
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* @param waitTime 最多等待时间
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* @param leaseTime 上锁后自动释放锁时间
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* @return
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*/
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publicstaticboolean tryLock(String lockKey, int waitTime, int leaseTime) {
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return distributedLocker.tryLock(lockKey, TimeUnit.SECONDS, waitTime, leaseTime);
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}
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/**
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* 尝试获取锁
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* @param lockKey
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* @param unit 时间单位
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* @param waitTime 最多等待时间
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* @param leaseTime 上锁后自动释放锁时间
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* @return
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*/
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publicstaticboolean tryLock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int waitTime, int leaseTime) {
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return distributedLocker.tryLock(lockKey, unit, waitTime, leaseTime);
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}
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/**
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* 获取计数器
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*
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* @param name
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* @return
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*/
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publicstaticRCountDownLatch getCountDownLatch(String name){
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return distributedLocker.getCountDownLatch(name);
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}
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/**
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* 获取信号量
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*
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* @param name
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* @return
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*/
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publicstaticRSemaphore getSemaphore(String name){
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return distributedLocker.getSemaphore(name);
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}
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}
底层封装
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/**
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* @author gourd
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*/
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publicinterfaceDistributedLocker{
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RLocklock(String lockKey);
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RLocklock(String lockKey, int timeout);
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RLocklock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int timeout);
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boolean tryLock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int waitTime, int leaseTime);
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void unlock(String lockKey);
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void unlock(RLocklock);
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}
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/**
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* @author gourd
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*/
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@Component
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publicclassRedisDistributedLockerimplementsDistributedLocker{
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@Autowired
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privateRedissonClient redissonClient;
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@Override
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publicRLocklock(String lockKey) {
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RLocklock= redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
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lock.lock();
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returnlock;
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}
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@Override
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publicRLocklock(String lockKey, int leaseTime) {
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RLocklock= redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
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lock.lock(leaseTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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returnlock;
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}
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@Override
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publicRLocklock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit ,int timeout) {
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RLocklock= redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
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lock.lock(timeout, unit);
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returnlock;
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}
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@Override
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publicboolean tryLock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int waitTime, int leaseTime) {
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RLocklock= redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
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try{
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returnlock.tryLock(waitTime, leaseTime, unit);
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} catch(InterruptedException e) {
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returnfalse;
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}
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}
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@Override
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publicvoid unlock(String lockKey) {
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RLocklock= redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
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lock.unlock();
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}
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@Override
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publicvoid unlock(RLocklock) {
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lock.unlock();
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}
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}
测试
模拟并发测试
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/**
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* redis分布式锁控制器
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* @author gourd
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* @since 2019-07-30
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*/
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@RestController
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@Api(tags = "redisson", description = "redis分布式锁控制器")
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@RequestMapping("/redisson")
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@Slf4j
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publicclassRedissonLockController{
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/**
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* 锁测试共享变量
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*/
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privateInteger lockCount = 10;
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/**
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* 无锁测试共享变量
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*/
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privateInteger count = 10;
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/**
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* 模拟线程数
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*/
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privatestaticint threadNum = 10;
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/**
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* 模拟并发测试加锁和不加锁
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* @return
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*/
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@GetMapping("/test")
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@ApiOperation(value = "模拟并发测试加锁和不加锁")
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publicvoidlock(){
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// 计数器
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finalCountDownLatch countDownLatch = newCountDownLatch(1);
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for(int i = 0; i < threadNum; i ++) {
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MyRunnable myRunnable = newMyRunnable(countDownLatch);
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Thread myThread = newThread(myRunnable);
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myThread.start();
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}
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// 释放所有线程
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countDownLatch.countDown();
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}
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/**
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* 加锁测试
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*/
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privatevoid testLockCount() {
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String lockKey = "lock-test";
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try{
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// 加锁,设置超时时间2s
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RedisLockUtil.lock(lockKey,2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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lockCount--;
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log.info("lockCount值:"+lockCount);
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}catch(Exception e){
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log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
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}finally{
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// 释放锁
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RedisLockUtil.unlock(lockKey);
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}
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}
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/**
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* 无锁测试
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*/
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privatevoid testCount() {
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count--;
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log.info("count值:"+count);
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}
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publicclassMyRunnableimplementsRunnable{
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/**
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* 计数器
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*/
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finalCountDownLatch countDownLatch;
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publicMyRunnable(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
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this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
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}
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@Override
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publicvoid run() {
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try{
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// 阻塞当前线程,直到计时器的值为0
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countDownLatch.await();
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} catch(InterruptedException e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
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}
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// 无锁操作
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testCount();
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// 加锁操作
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testLockCount();
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}
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}
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}
调用接口后打印值:
测试结果
根据打印结果可以明显看到,未加锁的 count-- 后值是乱序的,而加锁后的结果和我们预期的一样。
由于条件问题没办法测试分布式的并发。只能模拟单服务的这种并发,但是原理是一样,希望对大家有帮助。如有错误之处,欢迎指正。