tarjan--求一张无向图中所有的桥
》》书上的样例
#include<iostream> #include<algorithm> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> using namespace std; const int N=100010; int head[N],ver[N<<1],Next[N<<1]; int dfn[N],low[N],n,m,tot,num; bool bridge[N<<1]; void add(int x,int y){ ver[++tot]=y,Next[tot]=head[x],head[x]=tot; } void tarjan(int x,int in_edge){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++num; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(!dfn[y]){ tarjan(y,i); low[x]=min(low[x],low[y]); if(low[y]>dfn[x]) bridge[i]=bridge[i^1]=true; } else if(i!=(in_edge^1)) low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[y]); } } int main(){ cin>>n>>m; tot=1; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); add(x,y); add(y,x); } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!dfn[i]) tarjan(i,0); for(int i=2;i<tot;i+=2) if(bridge[i]) printf("%d %d\n",ver[i^1],ver[i]); return 0; }
测试数据:
9 11 1 2 1 5 1 6 2 3 2 5 3 4 4 5 6 7 6 8 6 9 8 9
tarjan--求一张无向图中所有的割点
》》书上的样例
#include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; const int N=100010; int head[N],ver[N<<1],Next[N<<1]; int dfn[N],low[N],stack[N]; int n,m,tot,num,root; bool cut[N]; void add(int x,int y){ ver[++tot]=y,Next[tot]=head[x],head[x]=tot; } void tarjan(int x){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++num; int flag=0; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(!dfn[y]){ tarjan(y); low[x]=min(low[x],low[y]); if(low[y]>=dfn[x]){ flag++; if(x!=root||flag>1) cut[x]=true; } } else low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[y]); } } int main(){ cin>>n>>m; tot=1; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); if(x==y) continue; add(x,y); add(y,x); } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!dfn[i]) root=i,tarjan(i); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(cut[i]) printf("%d ",i); puts("are cut-vertexes"); }
测试数据同上
无向图的双连通分量:
边双连通分量(e-DCC)求法
#include<iostream> #include<algorithm> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> using namespace std; const int N=100010; int head[N],ver[N<<1],Next[N<<1]; int dfn[N],low[N],n,m,tot,num; bool bridge[N<<1]; int c[N],dcc; void add(int x,int y){ ver[++tot]=y,Next[tot]=head[x],head[x]=tot; } void tarjan(int x,int in_edge){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++num; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(!dfn[y]){ tarjan(y,i); low[x]=min(low[x],low[y]); if(low[y]>dfn[x]) bridge[i]=bridge[i^1]=true; } else if(i!=(in_edge^1)) low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[y]); } } void dfs(int x){ c[x]=dcc; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(c[y]||bridge[i]) continue; dfs(y); } } int main(){ cin>>n>>m; tot=1; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); add(x,y); add(y,x); } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!dfn[i]) tarjan(i,0); for(int i=2;i<tot;i+=2) if(bridge[i]) printf("%d %d\n",ver[i^1],ver[i]); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!c[i]){ ++dcc; dfs(i); } printf("There are %d e-Dccs.\n",dcc); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) printf("%d belongs to DCC %d.\n",i,c[i]); return 0; }
e-DCC的缩点
#include<iostream> #include<algorithm> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> using namespace std; const int N=100010; int head[N],ver[N<<1],Next[N<<1]; int dfn[N],low[N],n,m,tot,num; bool bridge[N<<1]; int c[N],dcc; int hc[N],vc[N<<1],nc[N<<1],tc; void add_c(int x,int y){ vc[++tc]=y,nc[tc]=hc[x],hc[x]=tc; } void add(int x,int y){ ver[++tot]=y,Next[tot]=head[x],head[x]=tot; } void tarjan(int x,int in_edge){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++num; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(!dfn[y]){ tarjan(y,i); low[x]=min(low[x],low[y]); if(low[y]>dfn[x]) bridge[i]=bridge[i^1]=true; } else if(i!=(in_edge^1)) low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[y]); } } void dfs(int x){ c[x]=dcc; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(c[y]||bridge[i]) continue; dfs(y); } } int main(){ cin>>n>>m; tot=1; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); add(x,y); add(y,x); } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!dfn[i]) tarjan(i,0); for(int i=2;i<tot;i+=2) if(bridge[i]) printf("%d %d\n",ver[i^1],ver[i]); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!c[i]){ ++dcc; dfs(i); } printf("There are %d e-Dccs.\n",dcc); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) printf("%d belongs to DCC %d.\n",i,c[i]); tc=1; for(int i=2;i<=tot;i++){ int x=ver[i^1],y=ver[i]; if(c[x]==c[y]) continue; add_c(c[x],c[y]); } printf("缩点之后的森林,点数%d,边数%d(可能有重边)\n",dcc,tc/2); for(int i=2;i<tc;i+=2) printf("%d %d\n",vc[i^1],vc[i]); return 0; }
#include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> #include<vector> using namespace std; const int N=100010; int head[N],ver[N<<1],Next[N<<1]; int dfn[N],low[N],stack[N]; int n,m,tot,num,root,cnt=0,top=0; bool cut[N]; vector<int> dcc[N]; void add(int x,int y){ ver[++tot]=y,Next[tot]=head[x],head[x]=tot; } void tarjan(int x){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++num; stack[++top]=x; if(x==root&&head[x]==0){ dcc[++cnt].push_back(x); return; } int flag=0; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(!dfn[y]){ tarjan(y); low[x]=min(low[x],low[y]); if(low[y]>=dfn[x]){ flag++; if(x!=root||flag>1) cut[x]=true; cnt++; int z; do{ z=stack[top--]; dcc[cnt].push_back(z); }while(z!=y); dcc[cnt].push_back(x); } } else low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[y]); } } int main(){ cin>>n>>m; tot=1; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); if(x==y) continue; add(x,y); add(y,x); } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!dfn[i]) root=i,tarjan(i); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(cut[i]) printf("%d ",i); puts("are cut-vertexes"); for(int i=1;i<=cnt;i++){ printf("v-DCC #%d:",i); for(int j=0;j<dcc[i].size();j++) printf(" %d",dcc[i][j]); puts(""); } return 0; }
v-DCC的缩点
#include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> #include<vector> using namespace std; const int N=100010; int head[N],ver[N<<1],Next[N<<1]; int dfn[N],low[N],stack[N],new_id[N]; int n,m,tot,num,root,cnt=0,top=0; int hc[N],vc[N<<1],nc[N<<1],tc,c[N]; bool cut[N]; vector<int> dcc[N]; void add(int x,int y){ ver[++tot]=y,Next[tot]=head[x],head[x]=tot; } void add_c(int x,int y){ vc[++tc]=y,nc[tc]=hc[x],hc[x]=tc; } void tarjan(int x){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++num; stack[++top]=x; if(x==root&&head[x]==0){ dcc[++cnt].push_back(x); return; } int flag=0; for(int i=head[x];i;i=Next[i]){ int y=ver[i]; if(!dfn[y]){ tarjan(y); low[x]=min(low[x],low[y]); if(low[y]>=dfn[x]){ flag++; if(x!=root||flag>1) cut[x]=true; cnt++; int z; do{ z=stack[top--]; dcc[cnt].push_back(z); }while(z!=y); dcc[cnt].push_back(x); } } else low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[y]); } } int main(){ cin>>n>>m; tot=1; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); if(x==y) continue; add(x,y); add(y,x); } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!dfn[i]) root=i,tarjan(i); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(cut[i]) printf("%d ",i); puts("are cut-vertexes"); for(int i=1;i<=cnt;i++){ printf("v-DCC #%d:",i); for(int j=0;j<dcc[i].size();j++) printf(" %d",dcc[i][j]); puts(""); } num=cnt; for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(cut[i]) new_id[i]=++num; tc=1; for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) for(int j=0;j<dcc[i].size();j++){ int x=dcc[i][j]; if(cut[x]){ add_c(i,new_id[x]); add_c(new_id[x],i); } else c[x]=i; } printf("缩点之后的森林,点数 %d,边数 %d\n",num,tc/2); printf("编号 1-%d 的为原图的v-DCC,编号 >%d 的为原图割点\n",cnt,cnt); for(int i=2;i<tc;i+=2) printf("%d %d\n",vc[i^1],vc[i]); return 0; }