坑点在于
Scanner 接收 next的时候不能出现空格,否则空格被当做分隔符,需要用nextLine接收整行

import java.util.*;
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
         String str = null;
         if(in.hasNext()){
             str = in.nextLine();
             str = str.toLowerCase();
         }
        char key = 'a';
        if (in.hasNext()){
            String input = in.nextLine();
            key = input.toLowerCase().toCharArray()[0];
        }
        int count = 0;
        for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++){
            char c = str.charAt(i);
            if (c == key){
                count++;
            }
        }
        System.out.println(count);
    }
}