Tree Requests

经典的树上启发式合并题目了(其实就是瞎暴力)。

对于一颗有根树,我们先做一次dfs找到每个节点的重儿子,然后在答案统计的时候优先遍历轻儿子,不保留答案,最后遍历重儿子保留答案。

这颗树显然我们要维护的信息就是每一层字母的奇偶性,所以我们直接在每一层开一个30大小的bitset。

然后暴力遍历,暴力合并即可。

/*
  Author : lifehappy
*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

const int N = 5e5 + 10;

int head[N], to[N], nex[N], cnt = 1;

int l[N], r[N], rk[N], dep[N], son[N], sz[N], ans[N], tot, n, m;

char str[N];

void add(int x, int y) {
    to[cnt] = y;
    nex[cnt] = head[x];
    head[x] = cnt++;
}

void dfs(int rt, int fa) {
    dep[rt] = dep[fa] + 1, sz[rt] = 1;
    l[rt] = ++tot, rk[tot] = rt;
    for(int i = head[rt]; i; i = nex[i]) {
        if(to[i] == fa) continue;
        dfs(to[i], rt);
        if(!son[rt] || sz[to[i]] > sz[son[rt]]) son[rt] = to[i];
        sz[rt] += sz[to[i]];
    }
    r[rt] = tot;
}

bitset<30> num[N];

typedef pair<int, int> pii;

vector<pii> ask[N];

void dfs(int rt, int fa, int keep) {
    for(int i = head[rt]; i; i = nex[i]) {
        if(to[i] == fa || to[i] == son[rt]) continue;
        dfs(to[i], rt, 0);
    }
    if(son[rt]) dfs(son[rt], rt, 1);
    for(int i = head[rt]; i; i = nex[i]) {
        if(to[i] == fa || to[i] == son[rt]) continue;
        for(int j = l[to[i]]; j <= r[to[i]]; j++) {
            int now = str[rk[j]] - 'a';
            if(num[dep[rk[j]]][now]) num[dep[rk[j]]][now] = 0;
            else num[dep[rk[j]]][now] = 1;
        }
    }
    int now = str[rt] - 'a';
    if(num[dep[rt]][now]) num[dep[rt]][now] = 0;
    else num[dep[rt]][now] = 1;
    for(auto i : ask[rt]) {
        if(num[i.first].count() > 1) {
            ans[i.second] = 0;
        }
        else {
            ans[i.second] = 1;
        }
    }
    if(!keep) {
        for(int i = l[rt]; i <= r[rt]; i++) {
            int now = str[rk[i]] - 'a';
            num[dep[rk[i]]][now] = 0;
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    // freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
    // freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
    // ios::sync_with_stdio(false), cin.tie(0), cout.tie(0);
    scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
    for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
        int x;
        scanf("%d", &x);
        add(x, i);
    }
    scanf("%s", str + 1);
    for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
        int rt, h;
        scanf("%d %d", &rt, &h);
        ask[rt].push_back(make_pair(h, i));
    }
    dfs(1, 0);
    dfs(1, 0, 1);
    for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
        puts(ans[i] ? "Yes" : "No");
    }
    return 0;
}