9/29刷题二叉树的后序遍历

1.二叉树的后序遍历

思路一：递归

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> res;
        post(root,res);
        return res;
    }
    void post(TreeNode* root,vector<int>& res)
    {
        if(root==nullptr) return;
        post(root->left,res);
        post(root->right,res);
        res.push_back(root->val);
    }
};

思路二：迭代

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode *root) {
        vector<int> res;
        if (root == nullptr) {
            return res;
        }
        stack<TreeNode *> stk;//维护一个栈
        TreeNode *prev = nullptr;
        while (root != nullptr || !stk.empty()) {
            while (root != nullptr) {
                stk.emplace(root);
                root = root->left;
            }
            root = stk.top();
            stk.pop();
            if (root->right == nullptr || root->right == prev) {
                res.emplace_back(root->val);
                prev = root;
                root = nullptr;
            } else {
                stk.emplace(root);
                root = root->right;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};