题解 | #记票统计#

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

void test(const int n) {
    //用于记录每人票数
    list<pair<string, int>> scoreboard;
    //记录候选人姓名
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        string name;
        cin >> name;
        pair<string, int> p(name, 0);
        scoreboard.push_back(p);
    }
    scoreboard.push_back(pair<string, int>(string("Invalid"), 0));
    //记录票数
    int m;
    cin >> m;
    //记录选票
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        string name;
        cin >> name;
        //以迭代器j遍历记分板，同时以k计数，若无匹配姓名，则计入无效票
        int k = -1;
        list<pair<string, int>>::iterator j = scoreboard.begin();
        for (; j != scoreboard.end(); j++, k++) {
            if (j->first == name) {
                j->second++;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (k == n) {
            j--;
            j->second++;
        }
    }
    //打印投票结果
    for (list<pair<string, int>>::iterator i = scoreboard.begin();
            i != scoreboard.end(); i++) {
        cout << i->first << " : " << i->second << endl;
    }
    return;
}

int main() {
    int n;
    while (cin >> n) { // 注意 while 处理多个 case
        test(n);
    }
}
// 64 位输出请用 printf("%lld")