参考资料

OI-WIKI

代码

/*
 * 康拓展开树状数组优化O(nlogn)
* 给一个排列,返回排列的排名 */ #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; typedef long long ll; const int MOD=1e9+7,N=1e5+5; int sum[N],n,a[N]; ll jc[N]; int lowbit(int x){ return x&-x; } void add(int x,int k){ while(x <= n){ sum[x]=sum[x]+k; x=x+lowbit(x); } } int getsum(int x){ int ans=0; while(x>=1){ ans=ans+sum[x]; x=x-lowbit(x); } return ans; } void solve(){ ll rank=1; for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ add(a[i],1); int k=getsum(a[i]-1); k=(a[i]-1)-k; rank = (rank + (k*jc[n-i])) %MOD; } printf("%lld\n",rank); } int main(){ jc[1]=1; for(int i=2;i<=N;i++){ jc[i]=jc[i-1]*i%MOD; } int _; scanf("%d",&_); while(_--) { memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum)); scanf("%d",&n); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]); solve(); } }