SELECT
    order_id,
    customer_name,
    order_date
FROM
    (
        SELECT
            a.order_id,
            b.customer_name,
            a.order_date,
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
                PARTITION BY
                    a.customer_id
                ORDER BY
                    order_date DESC
            ) AS rk
        FROM
            orders as a
            JOIN customers as b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
    ) AS c
WHERE
    rk = 1
ORDER BY
    customer_name ASC

题目说了表连结 + 窗口函数,那就按题目说的走就好了