select
    em.emp_no,
    em.birth_date,
    em.first_name,
    em.last_name,
    em.gender,
    em.hire_date
from
    (
        select
            *,
            dense_rank() over (
                order by
                    hire_date desc
            ) rk -- 并列连续式排序
        from
            employees
    ) em
where
    rk = 3

考虑到同一天可能入职多人