效果展示

html代码

纯html代码

   <div class="tagBall">
        <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">Ajax</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">Hadoop</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">Git</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">搜素引擎</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">redis</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">shiro</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">IDEA</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">Maven</a>
       <a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">CSS</a>
		<a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">Linux</a>
		<a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">vue.js</a>
		<a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">string</a>
		<a class="tag" target="_blank" href="#">SSM</a>
   </div>

这里是用的thymeleaf的th标签实现数据的遍历,可以代替纯html代码,控制层传出数据集合,遍历显示在这里

 <div class="tagBall">
              <a class="tag " target="_blank" th:href="@{/tags/{id}(id=${tag.id})}" href="#" th:each="tag : ${tags}">
                <span th:text="${tag.name}"></span>
              </a>
</div>

css代码

.tagBall{
    width: 300px;
    height: 300px;
    margin:5px auto;
    position: relative;
}
.tag{
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0px;
    top: 0px;
    color: #000;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-family: "微软雅黑";
    /*font-weight: bold;*/
}
.tag:hover{border:1px solid #666;}

js代码

var tagEle = "querySelectorAll" in document ? document.querySelectorAll(".tag") : getClass("tag"),
            paper = "querySelectorAll" in document ? document.querySelector(".tagBall") : getClass("tagBall")[0];
            RADIUS =100,
            fallLength = 300,
            tags=[],
            angleX = Math.PI/100,
            angleY = Math.PI/100,
            CX = paper.offsetWidth/2,
            CY = paper.offsetHeight/2,
            EX = paper.offsetLeft + document.body.scrollLeft + document.documentElement.scrollLeft,
            EY = paper.offsetTop + document.body.scrollTop + document.documentElement.scrollTop;

    function getClass(className){
      var ele = document.getElementsByTagName("*");
      var classEle = [];
      for(var i=0;i<ele.length;i++){
        var cn = ele[i].className;
        if(cn === className){
          classEle.push(ele[i]);
        }
      }
      return classEle;
    }

    function innit(){
      for(var i=0;i<tagEle.length;i++){
        var a , b;
        var k = (2*(i+1)-1)/tagEle.length - 1;
        var a = Math.acos(k);
        var b = a*Math.sqrt(tagEle.length*Math.PI);
        // var a = Math.random()*2*Math.PI;
        // var b = Math.random()*2*Math.PI;
        var x = RADIUS * Math.sin(a) * Math.cos(b);
        var y = RADIUS * Math.sin(a) * Math.sin(b);
        var z = RADIUS * Math.cos(a);
        var t = new tag(tagEle[i] , x , y , z);
        tagEle[i].style.color = "rgb("+parseInt(Math.random()*255)+","+parseInt(Math.random()*255)+","+parseInt(Math.random()*255)+")";
        tags.push(t);
        t.move();
      }
    }

/*----------------------------*/
    function animate(){
      setInterval(function(){
        rotateX();
        rotateY();
        tags.forEach(function(){
          this.move();
        })
      } , 17)
    }

    if("addEventListener" in window){
      paper.addEventListener("mousemove" , function(event){
        var x = event.clientX - EX - CX;
        var y = event.clientY - EY - CY;
        // angleY = -x* (Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x , 2) + Math.pow(y , 2)) > RADIUS/4 ? 0.0002 : 0.0001);
        // angleX = -y* (Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x , 2) + Math.pow(y , 2)) > RADIUS/4 ? 0.0002 : 0.0001);
        angleY = x*0.00001;//调节半径
        angleX = y*0.00001;
      });
    }
    else {
      paper.attachEvent("onmousemove" , function(event){
        var x = event.clientX - EX - CX;
        var y = event.clientY - EY - CY;
        angleY = x*0.0001;
        angleX = y*0.0001;
      });
    }

    function rotateX(){
      var cos = Math.cos(angleX);
      var sin = Math.sin(angleX);
      tags.forEach(function(){
        var y1 = this.y * cos - this.z * sin;
        var z1 = this.z * cos + this.y * sin;
        this.y = y1;
        this.z = z1;
      })

    }

    function rotateY(){
      var cos = Math.cos(angleY);
      var sin = Math.sin(angleY);
      tags.forEach(function(){
        var x1 = this.x * cos - this.z * sin;
        var z1 = this.z * cos + this.x * sin;
        this.x = x1;
        this.z = z1;
      })
    }

    var tag = function(ele , x , y , z){
      this.ele = ele;
      this.x = x;
      this.y = y;
      this.z = z;
    }

    tag.prototype = {
      move:function(){
        var scale = fallLength/(fallLength-this.z);
        var alpha = (this.z+RADIUS)/(2*RADIUS);
        this.ele.style.fontSize = 15 * scale + "px";
        this.ele.style.opacity = alpha+0.5;
        this.ele.style.filter = "alpha(opacity = "+(alpha+0.5)*100+")";
        this.ele.style.zIndex = parseInt(scale*100);
        this.ele.style.left = this.x + CX - this.ele.offsetWidth/2 +"px";
        this.ele.style.top = this.y + CY - this.ele.offsetHeight/2 +"px";
      }
    }


    innit();
    animate();
    Array.prototype.forEach = function(callback){
      for(var i=0;i<this.length;i++){
        callback.call(this[i]);
      }
    }

核心代码

先说一下原理,3D标签云就是做一个球面,然后再球面上取均匀分布的点,把点坐标赋给标签,再根据抽象出来的Z轴大小来改变标签的字体大小,透明度,做出立体感觉,然后球体就做好了。
核心代码:

function innit(){
            for(var i=0;i<tagEle.length;i++){
                var a , b;
                var k = -1+(2*(i+1)-1)/tagEle.length;
                var a = Math.acos(k);
                var b = a*Math.sqrt(tagEle.length*Math.PI);
                // var a = Math.random()*2*Math.PI;
                // var b = Math.random()*2*Math.PI;
                var x = RADIUS * Math.sin(a) * Math.cos(b);
                var y = RADIUS * Math.sin(a) * Math.sin(b);
                var z = RADIUS * Math.cos(a);
                var t = new tag(tagEle[i] , x , y , z);
                tagEle[i].style.color = "rgb("+parseInt(Math.random()*255)+","+parseInt(Math.random()*255)+","+parseInt(Math.random()*255)+")";
                tags.push(t);
                t.move();
            }
        }

上面的代码是用于生成球面上的点的x,y,z轴的坐标。用到的就是简单的球面方程:已知半径r和球心,一般为了方便,我们都以坐标轴原点为球心,有下面三个方程

x=r*sinθ*cosΦ   y=r*sinθ*sinΦ   z=r*cosθ;

也就是说,我们可以对θ和Φ取随机数,来获得圆上的随机点坐标。但仅此还不够,因为如果要做3D标签云,一个很重要点的就是平均分布。如果单纯的取随机坐标,会导致一些标签重叠,相对来说就没那么美观了。所以我们引入第二个公式:

θ = arccos( ((2*num)-1)/all - 1);
Φ = θ*sqrt(all * π);

num是当前第几个点,all则是点的总数。这个公式的是我在别人的代码里找到的,我也不懂原理。不过确实好用。
有了上面两个公式以后,我们就可以获得球面上所需要的平均分布的点。然后再对每个标签进行操作:

var scale = fallLength/(fallLength-this.z);
var alpha = (this.z+RADIUS)/(2*RADIUS);
this.ele.style.fontSize = 15 * scale + "px";
this.ele.style.opacity = alpha+0.5;
this.ele.style.filter = "alpha(opacity = "+(alpha+0.5)*100+")";
this.ele.style.zIndex = parseInt(scale*100);
this.ele.style.left = this.x + CX - this.ele.offsetWidth/2 +"px";
this.ele.style.top = this.y + CY - this.ele.offsetHeight/2 +"px";

fallLength是焦距,也就是一个常量,scale和alpha都是要根据z轴来调整的比例。后面的属性操作就比较简单了,调整一下字体大小,透明度,以及元素位置,球体就做出来了,效果如下:

球体做出来了,是时候让其动起来了。这时就引入第三个公式了,矩阵旋转算法:

然后,我们就可以写出两个函数,一个是绕X轴旋转,一个是绕Y轴旋转。

function rotateX(){
            var cos = Math.cos(angleX);
            var sin = Math.sin(angleX);
            tags.forEach(function(){
                var y1 = this.y * cos - this.z * sin;
                var z1 = this.z * cos + this.y * sin;
                this.y = y1;
                this.z = z1;
            })

        }

        function rotateY(){
            var cos = Math.cos(angleY);
            var sin = Math.sin(angleY);
            tags.forEach(function(){
                var x1 = this.x * cos - this.z * sin;
                var z1 = this.z * cos + this.x * sin;
                this.x = x1;
                this.z = z1;
            })
        }

然后就可以通过控制angleX和angleY两个角度的值来控制标签云的旋转方向以及旋转速度,角度的正负值控制旋转方向,大小控制旋转速度。

接下来就可以用鼠标事件来控制了:

if("addEventListener" in window){
            paper.addEventListener("mousemove" , function(event){
                var x = event.clientX - EX - CX;
                var y = event.clientY - EY - CY;
                // angleY = -x* (Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x , 2) + Math.pow(y , 2)) > RADIUS/4 ? 0.0002 : 0.0001);
                // angleX = -y* (Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x , 2) + Math.pow(y , 2)) > RADIUS/4 ? 0.0002 : 0.0001);
                angleY = x*0.0001;
                angleX = y*0.0001;
            });
        }
        else {
            paper.attachEvent("onmousemove" , function(event){
                var x = event.clientX - EX - CX;
                var y = event.clientY - EY - CY;
                angleY = x*0.0001;
                angleX = y*0.0001;
            });
        }

当这个也写好后,3D标签云就算完工了。