1.HttpServletRequest

HttpServletRequest代表客户端的请求,用户通过http协议访问服务器,http请求中的所有信息会被封装HttpServletRequest的方法,获得客户端的所有信息

方法:

//获取前端参数,并且请求转发
req.getParameter();//常用   返回一个字符串
req.getParameterValues();//常用  返回一个数组(多个值)
req.getParameterMap();//不用
req.getParameterNames();//不用

一个简单的表单提交:

package com.kuang.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

//@WebServlet(value="/login",loadOnStartup=1)//注解式路由 效果与web.xml配置一致
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");//设置编码
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String passsord = req.getParameter("password");
        String[] hobbys = req.getParameterValues("hobbys");
        System.out.println("====================");
        //后台接收中文乱码问题
        System.out.println("username = "+username);
        System.out.println("psaaword = "+ passsord);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(hobbys));
        System.out.println("====================");
        //通过请求转发
        //这里的 /代表当前web应用

        req.getRequestDispatcher("/success.jsp").forward(req,resp);



    }
}

web.xml

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<div style="text-align: center">
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
        用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
        密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
        爱好:
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="女孩">女孩
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="代码">代码
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="唱歌">唱歌
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="电影">电影
        <br>
        <input type="submit" name="提交" id="">

    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录成功</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功
</body>
</html>

请求转发和重定向的区别:
相同点:
页面都会跳转
不同点:
请求转发的时候,URL不会发生变化 307
重定向时候,URL地址栏会发生变化 302