我用了那么久的初音未来常数 constexpr int miku = 39;终于遇到这么一道题了www
sekai点为只有一条边的节点,miku点为距离最近的sekai点最远的点(题面特别提到miku点一定不是sekai点,不过题目似乎没考的样子)
注意到所有与sekai点相邻且不是sekai点的节点距离sekai点的距离都是1,sekai点的相邻节点的相邻节点且不是sekai点及sekai点的相邻节点的点到sekai点的距离都是2,sekai点的相邻节点的相邻节点的相邻节点……打住打住,总之就是以sekai点为中心一圈一圈的往外扩,类似于平面上液体的扩散
我们采用多源bfs来实现上述想法,bfs的特点是一层一层的搜索,由于边的代价统一为1,入队顺序天然保证队列单调不降的,每个节点初次访问时一定是以其到sekai的最短距离访问,恰好符合我们的需求,具体实现见代码及注释
附:多组数据记得初始化,以及尽量按需初始化,当心被 T*常数 肘击,我被肘击过(不过本题有没有卡这个我没试过
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠦⣄⣠⠴⠒⠒⠉⠒⠶⣄⡏⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣠⡞⣡⠀⢠⡀⠀⢦⡀⢹⣷⣼⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡿⠁⣿⠟⣷⣿⢦⡈⣇⠀⢻⣿⣈⢷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⡇⣶⣻⣀⠘⣿⣀⣹⣿⣰⣼⡟⣯⠟⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⣿⡿⠿⠋⠉⠋⠛⢿⣿⣿⡇⠈⢦⡸⣾⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠛⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠟⠃⠉⠀⠈⢷⣩⡻⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠹⡄⠈⠙⠒⢤⣴⣾⠉⠁⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣟⢮⡳⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠀⣿⠀⣀⣴⣿⡏⣀⡬⠟⠁⠈⣆⠀⠀⠀⠘⢧⡉⢿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡿⣿⠀⢻⣫⠉⣽⡟⠉⡅⢀⣆⠀⢠⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣦⡉⠻⢦⡀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⢗⣿⢀⡷⠁⣸⡿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⠃⣄⣈⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠫⣱⠦⣌⡓⢤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⣾⣿⢟⡇⢀⣿⡇⠀⢀⣰⢸⡌⢿⣿⢻⡟⣃⠀⠀⠀⠰⡂⠠⠌⠲⢤⣙⣻⠛⠓⠶⢦⡤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣻⣿⠏⣾⠃⢸⢽⡇⠀⡏⠁⡶⠁⠈⣿⣎⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠒⠶⢤⣀⠈⠻⣄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⠟⠁⡼⠀⣿⠀⡟⢸⡇⢰⠃⢸⠇⠀⠀⢹⣷⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣷⣄⠘⣧⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣾⠟⠋⠀⣠⡼⢁⣼⣿⢠⣧⢾⡇⠘⡀⠸⡇⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡉⠚⢧⠹⣷⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡴⠖⢋⣽⡿⠥⠖⠚⠉⢁⣴⣾⣿⠃⢈⠀⢸⠇⠀⠁⠀⢳⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⠘⢧⡇⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⠛⠁⣠⡼⠋⠁⠀⢀⣀⢀⣴⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⣷⠋⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠳⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠀⠀⠀⢸⠧⠀
⠀⠀⢀⡠⠖⠋⣩⠶⢋⡴⠋⠁⠀⠀⠿⣭⡿⣿⠿⠟⢉⣷⣄⠀⢀⣼⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⠄⠀⢹⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡧
⠀⠀⣸⣄⣴⣛⣡⠞⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣭⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⢈⣿⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢑
⠀⠰⣏⡿⢫⡞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣹⠿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀
⠀⢀⣿⡵⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠎
⢠⢸⡟⠹⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡧⠤⢙⠛⠋⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⡟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡼⢀⠀⠄⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀
⢸⣎⡇⠀⠳⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⠀⡀⢰⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⡿⢋⠞⠀⢠⣮⠎⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢿⣷⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣶⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡾⠋⣠⠋⢀⣴⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠘⣏⢧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⢹⣻⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠟⢡⠞⣁⣴⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠸⡄⠳⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠳⢄⡀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡯⢶⢧⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡾⢁⣴⠿⠚⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠹⡄⠙⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠢⣄⠈⢿⣿⡯⣝⣾⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⡯⢖⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡄⠀⠑⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⢴⣶⠿⠋⠁⣰⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢦⡀⠀⠙⠢⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⢿⣿⡍⠑⠒⠒⣒⣾⣷⠿⠛⣋⡵⠚⠁⠀⣠⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠢⣄⡀⠀⠙⠓⠒⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡚⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠐⠋⢀⡀⢀⡤⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠋⠛⠛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡏⠸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢹⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣻⡇⠀⠀⠈⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣟⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
*/
#include <algorithm>
#include <climits>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <cmath>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <stack>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
constexpr int miku = 39;
constexpr int maxn = 2e5 + miku;
constexpr ll mod = 1e9 + 7;
vector<int> g[maxn];//邻接表
int deg[maxn], dis[maxn];
//每个节点拥有的边数和到最近的sekai的距离
queue<int> q;
priority_queue<int,vector<int>,greater<>> ansQ;//小根堆用于升序存储答案
bool vis[maxn];//记录是否访问,避免重复访问
int ans, cnt;
//多组数据记得初始化
void init(const int n) {
ans = cnt = 0;
memset(vis, 0, (n+5) * sizeof(bool));//初始化建议还是按需初始化
memset(deg, 0, (n+5) * sizeof(int)); //我曾经被初始化的大常数肘击过
memset(dis, 0, (n+5) * sizeof(int));
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
g[i].clear();
}
void solve() {
int T;
cin >> T;
while (T--) {
int n;
cin >> n;
init(n);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
int u, v;
cin >> u >> v;
g[u].push_back(v);
g[v].push_back(u);
deg[u]++;
deg[v]++;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
if (deg[i] == 1) {//将所有的sekai入队并标记为已经访问/入队避免重复访问/入队
vis[i] = true;//dis的值取默认值0,已经初始化过了
q.push(i);
}
while (!q.empty()) {
const int u = q.front();
q.pop();
ans = max(ans, dis[u]);
//入队顺序天然保证队列单调不降的,每个节点初次访问时一定是以其到sekai的最短距离访问
//故可以直接更新最长最短到sekai的距离
for (auto v: g[u]) {
if (!vis[v]) {
//遇到没有访问过的就入队并标记
//入队顺序天然保证队列单调不降的,每个节点初次访问时一定是以其到sekai的最短距离访问
//故遇到未访问过的节点可以直接以到sekai的最短距离更新并入队
vis[v] = true;
q.push(v);
dis[v] = dis[u] + 1;
}
}
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
if (dis[i] == ans) {
cnt++;
ansQ.push(i);
}
cout << cnt << endl;
while (!ansQ.empty()) {
cout << ansQ.top() << " ";
ansQ.pop();
}
cout << endl;
}
}
int main() {
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(nullptr);
cout.tie(nullptr);
solve();
return 0;
}

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