薪水涨幅:当前薪资-入职薪资
在职员工:to_date='9999-01-01'

求入职薪资:

SELECT e.emp_no,s.salary 
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN salaries s 
ON e.emp_no=s.emp_no 
AND e.hire_date=s.from_date

求当前薪资:

SELECT emp_no,salary
FROM salaries
WHERE to_date='9999-01-01'

求薪水涨幅,入职薪资表与当前薪资表连接求差
注意:
1、内连接,因当前薪资限定了在职员工,入职薪资则不用单独在做限定
2、order by growth ASC,因为给出结果是按升序排序,如不排序会报错

SELECT e.emp_no,s2.salary-s.salary AS growth
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN salaries s 
ON e.emp_no=s.emp_no 
AND e.hire_date=s.from_date
INNER JOIN salaries s2
ON e.emp_no=s2.emp_no
WHERE s2.to_date='9999-01-01'
ORDER BY 2;