ex42
对象分为类对象和实例对象。类对象是用class命名时就生成了一个类对象；实例对象简称对象，是当实例化时生成的对象。
## Animal is-a object
class Animal(object):
def __init__(self):
self.legs = 4
self.tail = 1
## Dog is-a Animal
class Dog(Animal):
def __init__(self, name):
## Dog has-a name
self.name = name
self.sound = "Wangwang"
self.food = "Dog food"
def love(self):
self.love = "Chase cat"
## Cat is-a Animal
class Cat(Animal):
def __init__(self, name):
## Cat has-a name
self.name = name
self.sound = "Miao miao"
self.food = "fish"
def love(self):
self.love = "eat fish"
## Person is-a object
class Person(object):
def __init__(self, name):
## Person has-a name
self.name = name
## Person has-a pet of some kind
self.pet = None
self.fish = None
## Employee is-a Person
class Employee(Person):
def __init__(self, name, salary):
## Employee has-a name
super(Employee,self).__init__(name)
## Employee has-a salary
self.salary = salary
## Fish is-a object
class Fish(object):
def __init__(self,name):
self.name = name
self.tail = 1
self.eye =2
## Salmon is-a Fish
class Salmon(Fish):
def __init__(self,name):
super(Salmon, self).__init__(name)
## Halibut is-a Fish
class Halibut(Fish):
def __init__(self,name):
super(Halibut, self).__init__(name)
## rover is-a Dog
rover = Dog("Rover")
## satan is-a Cat
satan = Cat("Satan")
tom = Cat("Tom")
## mary is-a Person
mary = Person("Mary")
joy = Person("Tom")
## mary.pet has-a satan
mary.pet = satan
joy.pet = tom
## frank is-a Emplyee
frank = Employee("Frank", 120000)
mary = Employee("Mary", 120)
joy = Employee("Joy", 80)
## frank.pet has-a rover
frank.pet = rover
## flipper is-a Fish
flipper = Fish("Flipper")
## crouse is-a Salmon
crouse = Salmon("Crouse")
## harry is-a Haibut()
harry = Halibut("harry")
print(f"{mary.name} 's salary is {mary.salary}. She has a cat {satan.name}, which love eat {crouse.tail} Salmon. ")
if mary.salary < frank.salary:
print(f"{mary.name} was poor, {frank.name}'s dog {rover.name} was full.")
else:
print(f"{mary.name} was rich, {frank.name}'s dog {rover.name} was hungry.")
ex43
面向对象的程序怎么写
-
把问题写出来或画出来。
-
从1中提炼出关键概念，并研究它们。列出名词清单和动词清单。
-
为概念创建类树和对象地图。梳理名词之间的层次关系，建立类树；动词作为函数，看放入类树下的哪个类里合适。
-
为类写程序，并测试它们。先写框架，也就是只有类名字和函数名字，写代码的地方用pass占位置；然后不断写一段小代码，不断测试，直到完成。
-
不断重复和改善。如果遇到难题，就专心攻克它。
# 因为要设置离开，所以要exit
# 因为要猜密码，而密码是随机数字，所以要randint
# 因为要对文本进行处理，移去空格前缀，所以要dedent
from sys import exit
from random import randint
from textwrap import dedent
# Scene只是一个简单说明。
class Scene(object):
def enter(self):
print("This scene is not yet configured.")
print("Subclass it and implement enter().")
exit(1)
# Engine
# 输入：当前场景
# 输出：如果当前场景不是最后场景，则根据当前场景的结果转换为下一个场景；
# 如果当前场景是最后场景，则进入最后场景。
class Engine(object):
def __init__(self,scene_map):
self.scene_map = scene_map
def play(self):
current_scene = self.scene_map.opening_scene()
last_scene = self.scene_map.next_scene('finished')
while current_scene != last_scene:
next_scene_name = current_scene.enter()
current_scene = self.scene_map.next_scene(next_scene_name)
# be sure to print out the last scene
current_scene.enter()
# Death的输出：从嘲弄列表中随意挑出一种死法。
class Death(Scene):
quips = [
"You died. You kinda suck at this.",
"Your Mom would be proud... if she were smarter.",
"Such a luser",
"I have a small puppy that's better at this.",
"You're worse than your Dad's jokes."
]
def enter(self):
print(Death.quips[randint(0, len(self.quips)-1)])
exit(1)
class CentralCorridor(Scene):
def enter(self):
print(dedent("""
The Gothons of Planet Percal #25 have invaded your ship and
destroyed your entire crew. You are the last surviving
member and your last mission is to get the neutron destruct
bomb from the Weapons Armory, put it in the bridge, and
blow the ship up after getting into an escape pod.
You're running down the central corridor to the Weapons
Armory when a Gothon jumps out, red scaly skin, dark grimy
teeth, and evil clown costume flowing around his hate
filled body. He's blocking the door to the Armory and
about to pull a weapon to blast you.
"""))
action = input("> ")
if action == "shoot!":
print(dedent("""
Quick on the draw you yank out your blaster and fire
it at the Gothon. His clown costume is flowing and
moving around his body, which throws off your aim.
Your laser hits his costume but misses him entirely.
This completely ruins his brand new costume his mother
bought him, which makes him fly into an insane rage
and blast you repeatedly in the face until you are
dead. Then he eats you.
"""))
return 'death'
elif action == "dodge!":
print(dedent("""
Like a world class boxer you dodge, weave, slip and
slide right as the Gothon's blaster cranks a laser
past your head. In the middle of your artful dodge
your foot slips and you bang your head on the metal
wall and pass out. You wake up shortly after only to
die as the Gothon stomps on your head and eats you.
"""))
return 'death'
elif action == 'tell a joke':
print(dedent("""
Lucky for you they made you learn Gothon insults in
the academy. You tell the one Gothon joke you know:
Lbhe zbgure vf fb sng, jura fur fvgf nebhaq gur ubhfr,
fur fvgf nebhaq gur ubhfr. The Gothon stops, tries
not to laugh, then busts out laughing and can't move.
While he's laughing you run up and shoot him square in
the head putting him down, then jump through the
Weapon Armory door.
"""))
return 'laser_weapon_armory'
else:
print('DOES NOT COMPUTE!')
return 'central_corridor'
class LaserWeaponArmory(Scene):
def enter(self):
print(dedent("""
You do a dive roll into the Weapon Armory, crouch and scan
the room for more Gothons that might be hiding. It's dead
quiet, too quiet. You stand up and run to the far side of
the room and find the neutron bomb in its container.
There's a keypad lock on the box and you need the code to
get the bomb out. If you get the code wrong 10 times then
the lock closes forever and you can't get the bomb. The
code is 3 digits.
"""))
# code = f"{randint(1,9)}{randint(1,9)}{randint(1,9)}"
code = "111"
guess = input("[keypad]> ")
guesses = 0
while guess != code and guesses < 10:
print("BZZZZEDDD!")
guesses += 1
guess = input("[keypad]> ")
if guess == code:
print(dedent("""
The container clicks open and the seal breaks, letting
gas out. You grab the neutron bomb and run as fast as
you can to the bridge where you must place it in the
right spot.
"""))
return 'the_bridge'
else:
print(dedent("""
The lock buzzes one last time and then you hear a
sickening melting sound as the mechanism is fused
together. You decide to sit there, and finally the
Gothons blow up the ship from their ship and you die.
"""))
return 'death'
class TheBridge(Scene):
def enter(self):
print(dedent("""
You burst onto the Bridge with the netron destruct bomb
under your arm and surprise 5 Gothons who are trying to
take control of the ship. Each of them has an even uglier
clown costume than the last. They haven't pulled their
weapons out yet, as they see the active bomb under your
arm and don't want to set it off.
"""))
action = input("> ")
if action == "throw the bomb":
print(dedent("""
In a panic you throw the bomb at the group of Gothons
and make a leap for the door. Right as you drop it a
Gothon shoots you right in the back killing you. As
you die you see another Gothon frantically try to
disarm the bomb. You die knowing they will probably
blow up when it goes off.
"""))
return 'death'
elif action == 'slowly place the bomb':
print(dedent("""
You point your blaster at the bomb under your arm and
the Gothons put their hands up and start to sweat.
You inch backward to the door, open it, and then
carefully place the bomb on the floor, pointing your
blaster at it. You then jump back through the door,
punch the close button and blast the lock so the
Gothons can't get out. Now that the bomb is placed
you run to the escape pod to get off this tin can.
"""))
return 'escape_pod'
else:
print("DOES NOT COMPUTE!")
return "the_bridge"
class EscapePod(Scene):
def enter(self):
print(dedent("""
You rush through the ship desperately trying to make it
the escape pod before the whole ship explodes. It seems
like hardly any Gothons are on the ship, so your run is
clear of interference. You get to the chamber with the
escape pods, and now need to pick one to take. Some of
them could be damaged but you don't have time to look.
There's 5 pods, which one do you take?
"""))
# good_pod = randint(1, 5)
good_pod = 1
guess = input("[pod #]> ")
if int(guess) != good_pod:
print(dedent(f"""
You jump into pod {guess} and hit the eject button.
The pod escapes out into the void of space, then
implodes as the hull ruptures, crushing your body into
jam jelly.
"""))
return 'death'
else:
print(dedent(f"""
You jump into pod {guess} and hit the eject button.
The pod easily slides out into space heading to the
planet below. As it flies to the planet, you look
back and see your ship implode then explode like a
bright star, taking out the Gothon ship at the same
time. You won!
"""))
return 'finished'
class Finished(Scene):
def enter(self):
print("You won! Good job.")
return 'finished'
# 地图的输入：一个变量
# 输出：变量的值，也即是各个场景的类。
class Map(object):
scenes = {
'central_corridor': CentralCorridor(),
'laser_weapon_armory': LaserWeaponArmory(),
'the_bridge': TheBridge(),
'escape_pod': EscapePod(),
'death': Death(),
'finished':Finished()
}
def __init__(self, start_scene):
self.start_scene = start_scene
def next_scene(self, scene_name):
val = Map.scenes.get(scene_name)
return val
def opening_scene(self):
return self.next_scene(self.start_scene)
a_map = Map('central_corridor')
a_game = Engine(a_map) # 将对象作为参数，进入类Engine。
a_game.play()
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