C++find_if算法

功能描述:
按条件查找元素

函数原型:

find_if(iterator beg, iterator end, _Pred);
//按值查找元素,找到返回指定位置迭代器,找不到返回结束迭代器位置

//beg开始迭代器

//end结束迭代器

//_Pred函数或者谓词(返回bool类型的仿函数)

代码示例:

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
//常用查找算法find_if
//1.查找内置数据类型
class GreaterFive
{
   
public:
       bool operator()(int val)
       {
   
              return val > 5;
       }
};
void test01()
{
   
       vector<int>v;
       for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
       {
   
              v.push_back(i);
       }
       vector<int>::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
       if (it == v.end())
       {
   
              cout << "没有找到" << endl;
       }
       else
       {
   
              cout << "找到大于5的数字为:" << *it << endl;
       }
}
//2.查找自定义数据类型
class Person
{
   
public:
       Person(string name, int age)
       {
   
              this->m_Name = name;
              this->m_Age = age;
       }
       string m_Name;
       int m_Age;
};
class Greater20
{
   
public:
       bool operator()(Person &p)
       {
   
              return p.m_Age > 20;
       }
};
void test02()
{
   
       vector<Person>v;
       //创建数据
       Person p1("aaa", 10);
       Person p2("bbb", 20);
       Person p3("ccc", 30);
       Person p4("ddd", 40);
       v.push_back(p1);
       v.push_back(p2);
       v.push_back(p3);
       v.push_back(p4);
       //找年龄大于20的人
       vector<Person>::iterator it= find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater20());
       if (it == v.end())
       {
   
              cout << "没有找到" << endl;
       }
       else
       {
   
              cout << "找到姓名:" << it->m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << endl;
       }
}
int main()
{
   
       test01();
       test02();
       system("pause");
       return 0;
}