使用Java将XSL和XML文件输出为HTML（XSL学习笔记二）

XSL 指扩展样式表语言（EXtensible Stylesheet Language），前面一篇博客介绍了使用XSL即可直接将XML输出为HTML片段被浏览器解析，但是这样在web应用中浏览器的解析量就比较大，会显得响应很慢，Java API提供了可以将XSL和XML文件直接解析为HTML文件的工具，这样可以后台解析，服务器端生成HTML传送至前台，提高响应体验。

创建一个XML文件

文件内容来自：https://www.w3school.com.cn/xsl/cdcatalog.xml

<!--  Edited with XML Spy v2007 (http://www.altova.com)  -->
<catalog>
    <cd>
        <title>Empire Burlesque</title>
        <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>Columbia</company>
        <price>10.90</price>
        <year>1985</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Hide your heart</title>
        <artist>Bonnie Tyler</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>CBS Records</company>
        <price>9.90</price>
        <year>1988</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Greatest Hits</title>
        <artist>Dolly Parton</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>RCA</company>
        <price>9.90</price>
        <year>1982</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Still got the blues</title>
        <artist>Gary Moore</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Virgin records</company>
        <price>10.20</price>
        <year>1990</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Eros</title>
        <artist>Eros Ramazzotti</artist>
        <country>EU</country>
        <company>BMG</company>
        <price>9.90</price>
        <year>1997</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>One night only</title>
        <artist>Bee Gees</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Polydor</company>
        <price>10.90</price>
        <year>1998</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Sylvias Mother</title>
        <artist>Dr.Hook</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>CBS</company>
        <price>8.10</price>
        <year>1973</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Maggie May</title>
        <artist>Rod Stewart</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Pickwick</company>
        <price>8.50</price>
        <year>1990</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Romanza</title>
        <artist>Andrea Bocelli</artist>
        <country>EU</country>
        <company>Polydor</company>
        <price>10.80</price>
        <year>1996</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>When a man loves a woman</title>
        <artist>Percy Sledge</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>Atlantic</company>
        <price>8.70</price>
        <year>1987</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Black angel</title>
        <artist>Savage Rose</artist>
        <country>EU</country>
        <company>Mega</company>
        <price>10.90</price>
        <year>1995</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>1999 Grammy Nominees</title>
        <artist>Many</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>Grammy</company>
        <price>10.20</price>
        <year>1999</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>For the good times</title>
        <artist>Kenny Rogers</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Mucik Master</company>
        <price>8.70</price>
        <year>1995</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Big Willie style</title>
        <artist>Will Smith</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>Columbia</company>
        <price>9.90</price>
        <year>1997</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Tupelo Honey</title>
        <artist>Van Morrison</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Polydor</company>
        <price>8.20</price>
        <year>1971</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Soulsville</title>
        <artist>Jorn Hoel</artist>
        <country>Norway</country>
        <company>WEA</company>
        <price>7.90</price>
        <year>1996</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>The very best of</title>
        <artist>Cat Stevens</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Island</company>
        <price>8.90</price>
        <year>1990</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Stop</title>
        <artist>Sam Brown</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>A and M</company>
        <price>8.90</price>
        <year>1988</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Bridge of Spies</title>
        <artist>T`Pau</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Siren</company>
        <price>7.90</price>
        <year>1987</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Private Dancer</title>
        <artist>Tina Turner</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>Capitol</company>
        <price>8.90</price>
        <year>1983</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Midt om natten</title>
        <artist>Kim Larsen</artist>
        <country>EU</country>
        <company>Medley</company>
        <price>7.80</price>
        <year>1983</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Pavarotti Gala Concert</title>
        <artist>Luciano Pavarotti</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>DECCA</company>
        <price>9.90</price>
        <year>1991</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>The dock of the bay</title>
        <artist>Otis Redding</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>Atlantic</company>
        <price>7.90</price>
        <year>1987</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Picture book</title>
        <artist>Simply Red</artist>
        <country>EU</country>
        <company>Elektra</company>
        <price>7.20</price>
        <year>1985</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Red</title>
        <artist>The Communards</artist>
        <country>UK</country>
        <company>London</company>
        <price>7.80</price>
        <year>1987</year>
    </cd>
    <cd>
        <title>Unchain my heart</title>
        <artist>Joe Cocker</artist>
        <country>USA</country>
        <company>EMI</company>
        <price>8.20</price>
        <year>1987</year>
    </cd>
</catalog>

创建一个XSL文件

文件内容来自：https://www.w3school.com.cn/xsl/cdcatalog.xsl

<!--  Edited with XML Spy v2007 (http://www.altova.com)  -->
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
    <xsl:output method="html" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>
    <xsl:template match="/">
        <html>
            <header></header>
            <title>XML2HTML</title>
            <body>
                <h2>My CD Collection</h2>
                <table border="1">
                    <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
                        <th align="left">Title</th>
                        <th align="left">Artist</th>
                        <th align="left">country</th>
                        <th align="left">company</th>
                        <th align="left">price</th>
                        <th align="left">year</th>
                    </tr>
                    <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
                        <tr>
                            <td>
                                <xsl:value-of select="title"/>
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                <xsl:value-of select="artist"/>
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                <xsl:value-of select="country"/>
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                <xsl:value-of select="company"/>
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                <xsl:value-of select="price"/>
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                <xsl:value-of select="year"/>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                </table>
            </body>
        </html>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Java解析输出HTML

JDK开始提供了javax.xml.transform.*这样一个xml解析的包，非常方便。

package test;

import java.io.File;
  
import javax.xml.transform.Result;  
import javax.xml.transform.Source;  
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;  
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;  
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;  
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;  
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;  
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;

/**
 * The type Xml 2 html.
 */
public class XMLXSL2HTML {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String xmlFilePath = "src/test/test.xml";
        String xslFilePath = "src/test/test.xsl";
        String HtmlFileOutPath = "src/test/test.html";
        transXML2HTML(xmlFilePath,xslFilePath,HtmlFileOutPath);
    }

    /**
     * Trans xml to html.
     *
     * @param xmlFilePath     the xml file path
     * @param xslFilePath     the xsl file path
     * @param HtmlFileOutPath the html file out path
     */
    public static void transXML2HTML(String xmlFilePath,String xslFilePath,String HtmlFileOutPath) {
        try {
            TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
            Source xslSource = new StreamSource(xslFilePath);
            Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer(xslSource);
            File xmlFile = new File(xmlFilePath);
            File htmlFile = new File(HtmlFileOutPath);
            Source source = new StreamSource(xmlFile);
            Result result = new StreamResult(htmlFile);
            transformer.transform(source, result);
            System.out.println("文件输出完成："+htmlFile.getAbsolutePath());
        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (TransformerException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }
}