B、Mask Allocation









#pragma GCC target("avx,sse2,sse3,sse4,popcnt")
#pragma GCC optimize("O2,O3,Ofast,inline,unroll-all-loops,-ffast-math")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define js ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
#define all(__vv__) (__vv__).begin(), (__vv__).end()
#define endl "\n"
#define pai pair<int, int>
#define mk(__x__,__y__) make_pair(__x__,__y__)
#define ms(__x__,__val__) memset(__x__, __val__, sizeof(__x__))
typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; typedef long double ld;
inline ll read() { ll s = 0, w = 1; char ch = getchar(); for (; !isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) if (ch == '-') w = -1; for (; isdigit(ch); ch = getchar())    s = (s << 1) + (s << 3) + (ch ^ 48); return s * w; }
inline void print(ll x, int op = 10) { if (!x) { putchar('0'); if (op)    putchar(op); return; }    char F[40]; ll tmp = x > 0 ? x : -x;    if (x < 0)putchar('-');    int cnt = 0;    while (tmp > 0) { F[cnt++] = tmp % 10 + '0';        tmp /= 10; }    while (cnt > 0)putchar(F[--cnt]);    if (op)    putchar(op); }
inline ll gcd(ll x, ll y) { return y ? gcd(y, x % y) : x; }
ll qpow(ll a, ll b) { ll ans = 1;    while (b) { if (b & 1)    ans *= a;        b >>= 1;        a *= a; }    return ans; }    ll qpow(ll a, ll b, ll mod) { ll ans = 1; while (b) { if (b & 1)(ans *= a) %= mod; b >>= 1; (a *= a) %= mod; }return ans % mod; }
inline int lowbit(int x) { return x & (-x); }
const int dir[][2] = { {0,1},{1,0},{0,-1},{-1,0},{1,1},{1,-1},{-1,1},{-1,-1} };
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;

const int N = 1e5 + 7;
vector<int> a;

int main() {
    int T = read();
    while (T--) {
        a.clear();
        int n = read(), m = read();
        while (n) {
            if (n < m)    swap(n, m);
            for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i)    a.push_back(m);
            n -= m;
        }
        print(a.size());
        for (auto it : a)
            print(it, 32);
        puts("");
    }
    return 0;
}

D、Fake News



#pragma GCC target("avx,sse2,sse3,sse4,popcnt")
#pragma GCC optimize("O2,O3,Ofast,inline,unroll-all-loops,-ffast-math")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define js ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
#define all(__vv__) (__vv__).begin(), (__vv__).end()
#define endl "\n"
#define pai pair<int, int>
#define mk(__x__,__y__) make_pair(__x__,__y__)
#define ms(__x__,__val__) memset(__x__, __val__, sizeof(__x__))
typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; typedef long double ld;
inline ll read() { ll s = 0, w = 1; char ch = getchar(); for (; !isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) if (ch == '-') w = -1; for (; isdigit(ch); ch = getchar())    s = (s << 1) + (s << 3) + (ch ^ 48); return s * w; }
inline void print(ll x, int op = 10) { if (!x) { putchar('0'); if (op)  putchar(op); return; }  char F[40]; ll tmp = x > 0 ? x : -x; if (x < 0)putchar('-');  int cnt = 0;    while (tmp > 0) { F[cnt++] = tmp % 10 + '0';     tmp /= 10; }    while (cnt > 0)putchar(F[--cnt]);    if (op) putchar(op); }
inline ll gcd(ll x, ll y) { return y ? gcd(y, x % y) : x; }
ll qpow(ll a, ll b) { ll ans = 1;   while (b) { if (b & 1)  ans *= a;       b >>= 1;      a *= a; }   return ans; }   ll qpow(ll a, ll b, ll mod) { ll ans = 1; while (b) { if (b & 1)(ans *= a) %= mod; b >>= 1; (a *= a) %= mod; }return ans % mod; }
inline int lowbit(int x) { return x & (-x); }
const int dir[][2] = { {0,1},{1,0},{0,-1},{-1,0},{1,1},{1,-1},{-1,1},{-1,-1} };
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;

const int N = 1e5 + 7;

int main() {
    int T = read();
    while (T--) {
        ll n = read();
        if (n == 1 or n == 24)  puts("Fake news!");
        else puts("Nobody knows it better than me!");
    }
    return 0;
}

H、Dividing









#pragma GCC target("avx,sse2,sse3,sse4,popcnt")
#pragma GCC optimize("O2,O3,Ofast,inline,unroll-all-loops,-ffast-math")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define js ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
#define all(__vv__) (__vv__).begin(), (__vv__).end()
#define endl "\n"
#define pai pair<int, int>
#define mk(__x__,__y__) make_pair(__x__,__y__)
#define ms(__x__,__val__) memset(__x__, __val__, sizeof(__x__))
typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; typedef long double ld;
inline ll read() { ll s = 0, w = 1; char ch = getchar(); for (; !isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) if (ch == '-') w = -1; for (; isdigit(ch); ch = getchar())    s = (s << 1) + (s << 3) + (ch ^ 48); return s * w; }
inline void print(ll x, int op = 10) { if (!x) { putchar('0'); if (op)    putchar(op); return; }    char F[40]; ll tmp = x > 0 ? x : -x;    if (x < 0)putchar('-');    int cnt = 0;    while (tmp > 0) { F[cnt++] = tmp % 10 + '0';        tmp /= 10; }    while (cnt > 0)putchar(F[--cnt]);    if (op)    putchar(op); }
inline ll gcd(ll x, ll y) { return y ? gcd(y, x % y) : x; }
ll qpow(ll a, ll b) { ll ans = 1;    while (b) { if (b & 1)    ans *= a;        b >>= 1;        a *= a; }    return ans; }    ll qpow(ll a, ll b, ll mod) { ll ans = 1; while (b) { if (b & 1)(ans *= a) %= mod; b >>= 1; (a *= a) %= mod; }return ans % mod; }
inline int lowbit(int x) { return x & (-x); }
const int dir[][2] = { {0,1},{1,0},{0,-1},{-1,0},{1,1},{1,-1},{-1,1},{-1,-1} };
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;

ll n, k, ans;

ll find(ll x) {
    ll res = 0;
    for (ll i = 2, j; i <= x and i <= k; i = j + 1) {
        j = min(x / (x / i), k);
        (res += (j - i + 1) % MOD * (x / i) % MOD) %= MOD;
    }
    return res;
}

int main() {
    n = read(), k = read();
    ans = find(n) + find(n - 1);
    print((ans + n + k - 1) % MOD);
    return 0;
}