【场景】:行合并、union 和 order by

【分类】:合并查询

分析思路

难点:

1.union 和 order by 一起使用需要注意的问题

(1)统计每份试卷被作答的人数和次数

  • [条件]:where score >= 85 and year(start_time) = 2021

  • [使用]:distinct。一定要去重

(2)统计每个题目被作答的人数和次数

  • [条件]:where difficulty = 'hard' and score > 80 and year(start_time) = 2021 and timestampdiff(minute, start_time, submit_time) < duration / 2

  • [使用]:多表连接使用 join using( )

(3)合并两个表,分别按照"试卷"和"题目"的uv & pv降序显示

  • [使用]:union all 和union 都可以,因为列activity不会有重复。

最终结果

select * from 
(
select 查询结果 [试卷ID; 作答次数]
from 从哪张表中查询数据[试卷作答记录表]
group by 分组条件 [试卷ID]
order by 对查询结果排序 [按照"试卷"的uv & pv降序]
)
union
select * from 
(
select 查询结果 [题目ID; 作答次数]
from 从哪张表中查询数据[题目练习表]
group by 分组条件 [题目ID]
order by 对查询结果排序 [按照"题目"的uv & pv降序]
)

扩展:

前往:MySQL union 和 order by 一起使用需要注意的问题

求解代码

方法一:

子句的子句使用order by

#正确代码
select * from 
(
select 
    exam_id as tid,
    count(distinct uid) as uv,
    count(uid) as pv
from exam_record a
group by exam_id
order by uv desc, pv desc
) a
union
select * from 
(
select 
    question_id as tid,
    count(distinct uid) as uv,
    count(uid) as pv
from practice_record b
group by question_id
order by uv desc, pv desc
) attr

方法二:

使用函数

left(str,length) 函数: str左边开始的长度为 length 的子字符串,在本例中为‘9’和‘8’

解释:试卷编号以‘9’开头、题目编号以‘8’开头,对编号进行降序就是对"试卷"和"题目"分别进行排序

(
#每份试卷被作答的人数和次数
select
    exam_id as tid,
    count(distinct uid) as uv,
    count(*) as pv
from exam_record
group by exam_id
)
union
(
#每个题目被作答的人数和次数
select
    question_id as tid,
    count(distinct uid) as uv,
    count(*) as pv
from practice_record
group by question_id
)
#分别按照"试卷"和"题目"的uv & pv降序显示
order by left(tid,1) desc,uv desc,pv desc