题目

写一个算法合并两个已排序的线性表。(使用指针表示的线性表(单链表)来实现)
要求:1、定义线性表节点的结构,并定义节点的型和位置的型。
2、定义线性表的基本操作
3、在1,2的基础上,完成本题。
4、在main函数中进行测试:先构建两个有序的线性表,然后合并这两个线性表。

参考输入:
线性表A:(3,8,15,27,49)
线性表B:(6,9,13,23,57,89,97)

参考输出:
线性表C:(3,6,8,9,13,15,23,27,49,57,89,97)

实现代码

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

typedef int ElemType;

struct celltype {
   
	ElemType element;
	celltype* next;
}; /*结点型*/
typedef celltype* LIST; /*线性表的型*/
typedef celltype* position; /*位置型*/

void Insert(ElemType x, position p, LIST& L)
{
   
	position q = new celltype;
	q->element = x;
	q->next = p->next;
	p->next = q;
}
position Locate(ElemType x, LIST L)
{
   
	position p = L;
	while (p->next != NULL)
		if (p->next->element == x)
			return p;
		else
			p = p->next;
	return p;
}
ElemType Retrieve(position p, LIST L)
{
   
	return p->next->element;
}
void Delete(position p, LIST& L)
{
   
	position q;
	if (p->next != NULL)
	{
   
		q = p->next;
		p->next = q->next;
		delete q;
	}
}
position Previous(position p, LIST L)
{
   
	position q;
	if (p == L->next)
	{
   
		cout << "不存在前驱位置";
		return NULL;
	}
	else
	{
   
		q = L;
		while (q->next != p)
			q = q->next;
		return q;
	}
}
position Next(position p, LIST L)
{
   
	position q;
	if (p->next == NULL)
	{
   
		cout << "不存在后继位置";
		return NULL;
	}
	else
	{
   
		q = p->next;
		return q;
	}
}
position MakeNull(LIST& L)
{
   
	L = new celltype;
	L->next = NULL;
	return L;
}
position First(LIST L)
{
   
	return L;
}
position End(LIST L)
{
   
	position q = L;
	while (q->next != NULL)
		q = q->next;
	return q;
}
void Merge(LIST& LA, LIST& LB, LIST& LC)
{
   
	position i = First(LA);
	position j = First(LB);
	position k = First(LC);
	while ((i != End(LA)) && (j != End(LB)))
	{
   
		if (Retrieve(i, LA) <= Retrieve(j, LB))
		{
   
			Insert(Retrieve(i, LA), k, LC);
			i = Next(i, LA);
			k = Next(k, LC);
		}
		else
		{
   
			Insert(Retrieve(j, LB), k, LC);
			j = Next(j, LB);
			k = Next(k, LC);
		}
	}
	while (i != End(LA))
	{
   
		Insert(Retrieve(i, LA), k, LC);
		i = Next(i, LA);
		k = Next(k, LC);
	}
	while (j != End(LB))
	{
   
		Insert(Retrieve(j, LB), k, LC);
		j = Next(j, LB);
		k = Next(k, LC);
	}
}

int main()
{
   
	/*LIST LA = nullptr; MakeNull(LA); Insert(3, End(LA), LA); Insert(8, End(LA), LA); Insert(15, End(LA), LA); Insert(27, End(LA), LA); Insert(49, End(LA), LA); LIST LB = nullptr; MakeNull(LB); Insert(6, End(LB), LB); Insert(9, End(LB), LB); Insert(13, End(LB), LB); Insert(23, End(LB), LB); Insert(57, End(LB), LB); Insert(89, End(LB), LB); Insert(97, End(LB), LB); LIST LC = nullptr; MakeNull(LC); Merge(LA, LB, LC);*/
	LIST LA = nullptr;
	MakeNull(LA);
	cout << "请输入线性表 A 的元素数量:" << endl;
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	cout << "请输入线性表 A 的元素:" << endl;
	while (n--)
	{
   
		int x;
		cin >> x;
		Insert(x, End(LA), LA);
	}
	LIST LB = nullptr;
	MakeNull(LB);
	cout << "请输入线性表 B 的元素数量:" << endl;
	cin >> n;
	cout << "请输入线性表 B 的元素:" << endl;
	while (n--)
	{
   
		int x;
		cin >> x;
		Insert(x, End(LB), LB);
	}
	LIST LC = nullptr;
	MakeNull(LC);
	Merge(LA, LB, LC); 
	cout << "线性表C:" << endl;
	for (position i = First(LC); i != End(LC); i = Next(i, LC))
	{
   
		cout << Retrieve(i, LC) << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;
}