#include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int n; cin >> n; while (n) { double h; int w; cin >> h >> w; int temp = w; double sum = 0; while (temp) { if (temp == w) { sum += h; } else { h /= 2.0; sum += 2 * h; } temp--; } printf("%.2f\n", sum); n--; } }