#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int n;
cin >> n;
while (n) {
double h;
int w;
cin >> h >> w;
int temp = w;
double sum = 0;
while (temp) {
if (temp == w) {
sum += h;
}
else {
h /= 2.0;
sum += 2 * h;
}
temp--;
}
printf("%.2f\n", sum);
n--;
}
}



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