LCS:设d(i,j)为A1,A2,...,Ai和B1,B2,...,Bj的LCS长度,则当A[i]=B[j]时,d(i,j)=d(i-1,j-1)+1,否则d(i,j)=max{d(i-1,j),d(i,j-1)},时间复杂度为O(nm),其中n和m分别是A和B的长度。
输出LCS的思想其实就是倒过来反向推理的过程。
代码:

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1e3+7;
int a[maxn];
int b[maxn];
int dp[maxn][maxn];
int n, m;

void printLCS()
{
    vector<int> vec;
    int i = n, j = m;
    while(i > 0 && j > 0)
    {
        if(a[i] == b[j])
        {
            vec.push_back(a[i]);
            i--;
            j--;
        }
        else
        {
            if(dp[i-1][j] > dp[i][j-1])
                i--;
            else
                j--;
        }
    }
    printf("YES\n");
    printf("%d ",dp[n][m]);
    for(int i = vec.size()-1; i >= 0; i--) {
        printf("%d ",vec[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
    int t;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
        }
        for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
            scanf("%d",&b[i]);
        }
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            for(int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
                if(a[i] == b[j]) dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1]+1;
                else {
                    dp[i][j] = max(dp[i-1][j], dp[i][j-1]);
                }
            }
        }
        if(dp[n][m] == 0)
            printf("NO\n");
        else
            printLCS();
    }
}