2-Day1-B
Depth-first search (DFS) follows the strategy to search ”deeper” in the graph whenever possible. In DFS, edges are recursively explored out of the most recently discovered vertex v that still has unexplored edges leaving it. When all of v's edges have been explored, the search ”backtracks” to explore edges leaving the vertex from which v was discovered.

This process continues until all the vertices that are reachable from the original source vertex have been discovered. If any undiscovered vertices remain, then one of them is selected as a new source and the search is repeated from that source.

DFS timestamps each vertex as follows:

d[v] records when v is first discovered.
f[v] records when the search finishes examining v’s adjacency list.
Write a program which reads a directed graph G=(V,E) and demonstrates DFS on the graph based on the following rules:

G is given in an adjacency-list. Vertices are identified by IDs 1,2,...n respectively.
IDs in the adjacency list are arranged in ascending order.
The program should report the discover time and the finish time for each vertex.
When there are several candidates to visit during DFS, the algorithm should select the vertex with the smallest ID.
The timestamp starts with 1.
Input
In the first line, an integer n denoting the number of vertices of G is given. In the next n lines, adjacency lists of u are given in the following format:

u k v1 v2 ... vk

u is ID of the vertex and k denotes its degree. vi are IDs of vertices adjacent to u.

Output
For each vertex, print id, d and f separated by a space character in a line. id is ID of the vertex, d and f is the discover time and the finish time respectively. Print in order of vertex IDs.

Constraints
1≤n≤100
Sample Input 1
4
1 1 2
2 1 4
3 0
4 1 3
Sample Output 1
1 1 8
2 2 7
3 4 5
4 3 6
Sample Input 2
6
1 2 2 3
2 2 3 4
3 1 5
4 1 6
5 1 6
6 0
Sample Output 2
1 1 12
2 2 11
3 3 8
4 9 10
5 4 7
6 5 6

This is example for Sample Input 2 (discover/finish)

Reference
Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

题意：输入顶点数n。接下来n行输入各顶点u的邻接表 u k v1 v2 .......

其中u为顶点编号，k为u的出度，v1 v2 v3...... 为与u相邻的顶点编号

思路：跟他的名字一样用DFS加递归调用

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int n;
bool ok[10005];
int d[10005],f[10005];
vector <int> e[10005];
int step=0;
void dfs(int i)
{
    ok[i]=1;
    step++;
    d[i]=step;
    for(int j=0;j<e[i].size();j++)
        if(!ok[e[i][j]])
            dfs(e[i][j]);
    step++;
    f[i]=step;
}
void solve()
{
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        if(!ok[i])dfs(i);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        printf("%d %d %d\n",i,d[i],f[i]);
}

int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&n);
    int u,k,v;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d %d",&u,&k);
        for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
        {scanf("%d",&v);e[u].push_back(v);}
    }
    solve();
    return 0;
}