可以用三元运算符

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int n = 0, step = 0;
    scanf("%d", &n);
    while(n != 1) {
        n = n % 2 == 0 ? n / 2 : 3 * n + 1;
        step++;
    }
    
    printf("%d\n", step);
    
    return 0;
}