思路

外面套一个for循环，次数就是生成的试卷数
然后在里面创建两个文件，试卷文件和答案文件
试卷文件
写入姓名，日期，试卷编号
套一个for循环，次数是题目个数
写入问题，问题中的“洲”那个单词（就是最后一个单词：如 1 what is the capital of
Wisconsin）用一个列表来储存，然后随机放置
for循环，次数为4，表示4个选项
写入答案，答案也是一个列表，用正确答案和错误答案啊混合而成，再随机一遍
答案文件
将正确答案对应的选项填入即可

代码分析

首先是资源字典，我们所有的题目素材都在里面，key是洲，value是对应的首府

import random
capitals = {'Alabama': 'Montgomery', 'Alaska': 'Juneau', 'Arizona': 'Phoenix',
            'Arkansas': 'Little Rock', 'California': 'Sacramento', 'Colorado': 'Denver',
            'Connecticut': 'Hartford', 'Delaware': 'Dover', 'Florida': 'Tallahassee',
            'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Hawaii': 'Honolulu', 'Idaho': 'Boise', 'Illinois':
            'Springfield', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis', 'Iowa': 'Des Moines', 'Kansas':
            'Topeka', 'Kentucky': 'Frankfort', 'Louisiana': 'Baton Rouge', 'Maine':
            'Augusta', 'Maryland': 'Annapolis', 'Massachusetts': 'Boston', 'Michigan':
            'Lansing', 'Minnesota': 'Saint Paul', 'Mississippi': 'Jackson', 'Missouri':
            'Jefferson City', 'Montana': 'Helena', 'Nebraska': 'Lincoln', 'Nevada':
            'Carson City', 'New Hampshire': 'Concord', 'New Jersey': 'Trenton', 'New'
            'Mexico': 'Santa Fe','New York': 'Albany', 'North Carolina': 'Raleigh',
            'North Dakota': 'Bismarck', 'Ohio': 'Columbus', 'Oklahoma': 'Oklahoma City',
            'Oregon': 'Salem', 'Pennsylvania': 'Harrisburg', 'Rhode Island': 'Providence',
            'South Carolina': 'Columbia', 'South Dakota': 'Pierre', 'Tennessee':
            'Nashville', 'Texas': 'Austin', 'Utah': 'Salt Lake City', 'Vermont':
            'Montpelier', 'Virginia': 'Richmond', 'Washington': 'Olympia', 'West'
            'Virginia': 'Charleston','Wisconsin': 'Madison', 'Wyoming': 'Cheyenne'
            }

这是创建两种文件

for i in range(5):
    Question = open('paper%s.txt' % (i+1), 'w')
    Answer = open('answer%s.txt' % (i+1), 'w')
    #将洲放在states中，以便生成问题中的关键词
    states = list(capitals.keys())
    #打乱states列表的顺序
    random.shuffle(states)
    #写下试卷头部部分
    Question.write('Name :\ndate : \n')
    Question.write((' ' * 20) + 'paper%s\n' % (i+1))

接下来是写题目，也是本次代码的核心部分

  # 打印问题
    for question in range(50):
        Question.write('%s what is the capital of %s' % ((question + 1), states[question]))
        Question.write('\n')
        # 选项
        correctAnswer = capitals[states[question]]
        #错误答案是有全体答案减去正确答案生成，并且只随机取其中3个
        wrongAnswer = list(capitals.values())
        del wrongAnswer[wrongAnswer.index(correctAnswer)]
        wrongAnswer = random.sample(wrongAnswer, 3)
        #然后混合两种答案，但是我们依然可以通过answerOptions的索引重新找到正确答案，生成答案文件
        answerOptions = wrongAnswer + [correctAnswer]
        #打乱答案顺序，避免正确答案位置固定
        random.shuffle(answerOptions)
		#根据选项总数量写下选项
        for answer in range(len(answerOptions)):
            Question.write('%s.%s\n' % ('ABCD'[answer], answerOptions[answer]))
        Question.write('\n')

源代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2019/2/17 17:39
# @Author : cs
# @decription 随机生成试卷

import random
capitals = {'Alabama': 'Montgomery', 'Alaska': 'Juneau', 'Arizona': 'Phoenix',
            'Arkansas': 'Little Rock', 'California': 'Sacramento', 'Colorado': 'Denver',
            'Connecticut': 'Hartford', 'Delaware': 'Dover', 'Florida': 'Tallahassee',
            'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Hawaii': 'Honolulu', 'Idaho': 'Boise', 'Illinois':
            'Springfield', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis', 'Iowa': 'Des Moines', 'Kansas':
            'Topeka', 'Kentucky': 'Frankfort', 'Louisiana': 'Baton Rouge', 'Maine':
            'Augusta', 'Maryland': 'Annapolis', 'Massachusetts': 'Boston', 'Michigan':
            'Lansing', 'Minnesota': 'Saint Paul', 'Mississippi': 'Jackson', 'Missouri':
            'Jefferson City', 'Montana': 'Helena', 'Nebraska': 'Lincoln', 'Nevada':
            'Carson City', 'New Hampshire': 'Concord', 'New Jersey': 'Trenton', 'New'
            'Mexico': 'Santa Fe','New York': 'Albany', 'North Carolina': 'Raleigh',
            'North Dakota': 'Bismarck', 'Ohio': 'Columbus', 'Oklahoma': 'Oklahoma City',
            'Oregon': 'Salem', 'Pennsylvania': 'Harrisburg', 'Rhode Island': 'Providence',
            'South Carolina': 'Columbia', 'South Dakota': 'Pierre', 'Tennessee':
            'Nashville', 'Texas': 'Austin', 'Utah': 'Salt Lake City', 'Vermont':
            'Montpelier', 'Virginia': 'Richmond', 'Washington': 'Olympia', 'West'
            'Virginia': 'Charleston','Wisconsin': 'Madison', 'Wyoming': 'Cheyenne'
            }

# 创建文件
for i in range(5):
    Question = open('paper%s.txt' % (i+1), 'w')
    Answer = open('answer%s.txt' % (i+1), 'w')
    states = list(capitals.keys())
    random.shuffle(states)
    Question.write('Name :\ndate : \n')
    Question.write((' ' * 20) + 'paper%s\n' % (i+1))
    # 打印问题
    for question in range(50):
        Question.write('%s what is the capital of %s' % ((question + 1), states[question]))
        Question.write('\n')

        correctAnswer = capitals[states[question]]
        wrongAnswer = list(capitals.values())
        del wrongAnswer[wrongAnswer.index(correctAnswer)]
        wrongAnswer = random.sample(wrongAnswer, 3)
        answerOptions = wrongAnswer + [correctAnswer]
        random.shuffle(answerOptions)

        for answer in range(len(answerOptions)):
            Question.write('%s.%s\n' % ('ABCD'[answer], answerOptions[answer]))
        Question.write('\n')
        Answer.write('%s.%s\n' % (question + 1, 'ABCD'[answerOptions.index(correctAnswer)]))

python进阶（一）——随机生成地理试卷选择题和答案的txt文件

思路

代码分析

源代码