Centos下安装nginx步骤解析

最近研究LNMP,首先要在linux下配置nginx服务器,话不多说,上步骤

1、编译环境gcc g++ 开发库之类的需要提前装好

参考一
使用CentOS 7进行初始服务器设置
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

2、首先安装PCRE pcre功能是让nginx有rewrite功能

  1. 下载PCRE:

    wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
    
  2. 解压安装包:tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

  3. 进入安装包目录:cd pcre-8.35

  4. 编译:./configure

  5. 安装:make && make install

  6. 查看安装版本:pcre-config --version 如果出现版本号,说明安装成功

检查系统里是否安装了pcre软件

rpm -qa pcre 如果没有显示说明没有安装 反之安装过

rpm -e --nodeps pcre 删除pcre

3、安装nginx

  1. 下载nginx:wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
  2. 解压安装包: tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
  3. 进入安装包目录:cd nginx-1.6.2
  4. 编译安装:./configure 默认地址 /usr/local/nginx
  5. 安装:make
  6. 安装:make install
注:
  第一次编译的时候:
  使用64位的系统第一次编译安装出现
  error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory这种情况,
  nginx默认是在lib64下,32为的是在lib下
  查找:find / -name 'libpcre.so.1'  出现 /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1,
  我们建立以符号链接:ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1
  这样可以查看nginx版本 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v  出现版本号

4、nginx配置

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf ,把下面的内容覆盖到nginx.conf,内容从菜鸟网站上搜索的

复制代码

user www www;
worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  log_format main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
  
#charset gb2312;
     
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;
     
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;
  keepalive_timeout 60;
  tcp_nodelay on;
  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  gzip on; 
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;
 
  #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
 #下面是server虚拟主机的配置
 server
  {
    listen 80;#监听端口
    server_name localhost;#域名
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /usr/local/nginx/html;#站点目录
      location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
    {
      expires 30d;
  # access_log off;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires 15d;
   # access_log off;
    }
    access_log off;
  }

}

复制代码
  可以检测配置的是否正确
  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
  
  说明配置成功

5、启动nginx

启动的时候有报错,如下

nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
  nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
  nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
  nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)…

这说明80接口有被占用,查看接口

netstat -ntpl

kill -9 $pid //杀掉进程

再次启动

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

停止服务器

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 或 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quick

网页访问 127.0.0.1

  
  至此,安装配置完成!

在学习过程中配到问题:

1、在下载安装pcre和nginx中,<mark>要用root身份</mark>,一般下载到/usr/local/src/,下载到其他地方配置呢?(测试几次没成功)

2、菜鸟网站中编译nginx的时候 配置安装地址

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35

编译不成功?(配置安装路径应该没问题,编译的时候报pcrelib.so.0不存在,安装的时候webserver文件没有建立成功,想着应该还是和64位的配置文件路径有关系,有待验证)

6、卸载nginx

删除nginx文件即可

rm -rf /usr/local/nginx