https://codeforces.com/contest/1152/problem/B

题解：模拟+贪心

/*
*@Author:   STZG
*@Language: C++
*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<bitset>
#include<queue>
#include<deque>
#include<stack>
#include<cmath>
#include<list>
#include<map>
#include<set>
//#define DEBUG
#define RI register int
#define endl "\n"
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
//typedef __int128 lll;
const int N=100000+10;
const int M=100000+10;
const int MOD=1e9+7;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
const double EXP = 1E-8;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int t,n,m,k,p,l,r,u,v;
int ans,cnt,flag,temp,sum;
int a[N],b[N];
char str;
struct node{};
int main()
{
#ifdef DEBUG
	freopen("input.in", "r", stdin);
	//freopen("output.out", "w", stdout);
#endif
    //ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    //cin.tie(0);
    //cout.tie(0);
    //scanf("%d",&t);
    //while(t--){
    scanf("%d",&n);
    t=n;
    while(t){
        sum+=t%2;
        a[++ans]=t%2;
        t/=2;
    }
    if(ans==sum){
        cout<<0<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    flag=1;
    cnt=0;
    while(1){
        flag=0;
        for(int i=ans;i>=1;i--){
            if(!a[i]){
                flag=1;
                b[++cnt]=i;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(flag){
            for(int i=b[cnt];i>=1;i--){
                a[i]^=1;
            }
        }else{
            break;
        }
        flag=0;
        for(int i=ans;i>=1;i--){
            if(!a[i]){
                flag=1;
            }
        }
        if(flag){
            a[1]+=1;
            cnt++;
            for(int i=2;i<=ans;i++){
                a[i]=a[i]+a[i-1]/2;
                a[i-1]%=2;
            }
        }else{
            break;
        }
    }
    cout<<cnt<<endl;
    for(int i=1;i<=cnt;i+=2){
        cout<<b[i]<<" ";
    }

    //}

#ifdef DEBUG
	printf("Time cost : %lf s\n",(double)clock()/CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
#endif
    //cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
    return 0;
}